Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 Jun 28;14:1427763. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1427763. eCollection 2024.
Rumen acidosis is one of the most common diseases in beef cattle. It severely affects the normal development of calves and poses a significant threat to the farming industry. However, the influence of rumen acidosis on the gut microbiota and serum metabolites of calves is currently unclear.
The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in the gut microbiota and serum metabolites in calves after rumen acidosis and analyse the correlation.
Eight calves were selected as the rumen acidosis group, and eight health calves were selected as the healthy group. The faecal gut microbiota and serum metabolites of calves were detected respectively using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing and non-target metabolomics. The correlation between gut microbiota and serum metabolites was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.
Differential analysis of the diversity and composition of gut microbiota between eight male healthy (Health) and eight male rumen acidosis (Disease) calves revealed that rumen acidosis increased the abundance of the gut microbiota in calves. At the phylum level, compared to the Healthy group, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the Disease group significantly decreased (<0.05), while the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota significantly increased in the Disease group (<0.05). At the genus level, compared to the Disease group, the relative abundance of , , , , and significantly increased in the Healthy group (<0.05), while the relative abundance of and significantly decreased in the Healthy group (<0.05). Differential analysis results showed the Healthy group had 23 genera with higher abundance, while the Disease group had 47 genera with higher abundance. Serum metabolomics results revealed the differential metabolites associated with rumen acidosis, including nicotinamide, niacin, L-glutamic acid and carnosine, were mainly enriched in the nicotinate and nicotinamide pathway and the histidine pathway.
The occurrence of rumen acidosis can induce changes in the gut microbiota of calves, with a significant increase of the genus and a significant decrease of and genera. In addition, the occurrence of rumen acidosis can also induce changes in serum metabolites including niacin, niacinamide, L-glutamine, and carnosine, which may serve as the diagnostic biomarkers of rumen acidosis of calves.
瘤胃酸中毒是肉牛中最常见的疾病之一。它严重影响小牛的正常发育，对畜牧业构成重大威胁。然而，瘤胃酸中毒对小牛肠道微生物群和血清代谢物的影响尚不清楚。
本研究旨在探讨瘤胃酸中毒后小牛肠道微生物群和血清代谢物的变化，并分析它们之间的相关性。
选择 8 头小牛作为瘤胃酸中毒组，8 头健康小牛作为健康组。分别采用 16S rDNA 高通量测序和非靶向代谢组学检测小牛粪便肠道微生物群和血清代谢物。采用 Spearman 相关分析对肠道微生物群和血清代谢物之间的相关性进行分析。
对 8 头雄性健康（Health）和 8 头雄性瘤胃酸中毒（Disease）小牛的肠道微生物群多样性和组成进行差异分析，结果表明瘤胃酸中毒增加了小牛肠道微生物群的丰度。在门水平上，与健康组相比，疾病组的厚壁菌门相对丰度显著降低（<0.05），而脱硫杆菌门的相对丰度在疾病组中显著增加（<0.05）。在属水平上，与疾病组相比，健康组的 、 、 、 、 和 相对丰度显著增加（<0.05），而 、 和 相对丰度显著降低（<0.05）。差异分析结果表明，健康组有 23 个属的丰度较高，而疾病组有 47 个属的丰度较高。血清代谢组学结果显示，与瘤胃酸中毒相关的差异代谢物包括烟酰胺、烟酸、L-谷氨酸和肌肽，主要富集在烟酸和烟酰胺途径以及组氨酸途径中。
瘤胃酸中毒的发生会引起小牛肠道微生物群的变化，属的丰度显著增加，属和属的丰度显著降低。此外，瘤胃酸中毒的发生还会引起血清代谢物如烟酸、烟酰胺、L-谷氨酰胺和肌肽的变化，这些代谢物可能作为小牛瘤胃酸中毒的诊断生物标志物。
