探讨参芪补气散对犊牛胃肠道菌群和血清代谢物的调节作用。
Investigating the regulatory effect of Shen Qi Bu Qi powder on the gastrointestinal flora and serum metabolites in calves.
机构信息
College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Gansu Minzu Normal University, Gannan, China.
出版信息
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 Aug 23;14:1443712. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1443712. eCollection 2024.
OBJECT
To investigate the effects of Shen Qi Bu Qi Powder (SQBQP) on the average daily gain, blood indexes, gastrointestinal microflora, and serum metabolites of calves.
METHODS
A total of 105 calves were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 35 per group): the control group (C, fed with a basal diet for 21 days) and two treatment groups (SQBQP-L and SQBQP-H, fed with the basal diet supplemented with 15 and 30 g/kg of SQBQP), respectively for 21 days. The active components of SQBQP were identified using LC-MS/MS. Serum digestive enzymes and antioxidant indices were determined by ELISA kits and biochemical kits, respectively. Serum differential metabolites were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), while flora in rumen fluid and fecal were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing. Further correlation analysis of gastrointestinal flora and serum metabolites of SQBQP-H and C groups were performed with Spearman's correlation.
RESULTS
The principal active components of SQBQP mainly includes polysaccharides, flavonoids, and organic acids. Compared to the control group (C), calves in the SQBQP-H (high dose) and SQBQP-L (low dose) groups showed a significant increase in serum amylase (AMS) levels (<0.001), while lipase content significantly decreased (<0.05). Additionally, the average daily gain, T-AOC, and cellulase content of calves in the SQBQP-H group significantly increased (<0.05). and in the rumen flora of the SQBQP-H group was significantly lower than that of the C group (<0.05). The relative abundance of , and in the SQBQP-H group was significantly increased (<0.05), while the relative abundance of and was significantly decreased (<0.05). Serum metabolomics analysis revealed 20 differential metabolites, mainly enriched in amino acid biosynthesis, β-alanine metabolism, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis metabolic pathways (<0.05). Correlation analysis results showed that in rumen flora and in intestinal flora were significantly positively correlated with average daily gain, serum biochemical indexes, and differential metabolite (-)-Epigallocatechin (R>0.58, <0.05).
CONCLUSION
SQBQP can promote calves weight gain and enhance health by modulating gastrointestinal flora and metabolic processes in the body.
目的
研究参芪补气散对犊牛平均日增重、血液指标、胃肠道微生物区系和血清代谢物的影响。
方法
将 105 头犊牛随机分为三组（每组 35 头）：对照组（C，基础日粮喂养 21 天）和两个治疗组（SQBQP-L 和 SQBQP-H，分别在基础日粮中添加 15 和 30 g/kg 的 SQBQP），分别喂养 21 天。采用 LC-MS/MS 鉴定 SQBQP 的活性成分。采用 ELISA 试剂盒和生化试剂盒分别测定血清消化酶和抗氧化指标。采用液相色谱-质谱/质谱（LC-MS/MS）分析血清差异代谢物，采用 16S rDNA 测序分析瘤胃液和粪便中的菌群。采用 Spearman 相关性分析对 SQBQP-H 组和 C 组的胃肠道菌群和血清代谢物进行相关性分析。
结果
SQBQP 的主要活性成分主要包括多糖、黄酮类化合物和有机酸。与对照组（C）相比，SQBQP-H（高剂量）和 SQBQP-L（低剂量）组犊牛血清淀粉酶（AMS）水平显著升高（<0.001），而脂肪酶含量显著降低（<0.05）。此外，SQBQP-H 组犊牛的平均日增重、T-AOC 和纤维素酶含量均显著升高（<0.05）。SQBQP-H 组瘤胃菌群中的显著低于 C 组（<0.05）。SQBQP-H 组中的相对丰度显著增加（<0.05），而和的相对丰度显著降低（<0.05）。血清代谢组学分析显示 20 个差异代谢物，主要富集在氨基酸生物合成、β-丙氨酸代谢、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成代谢途径（<0.05）。相关性分析结果表明，瘤胃菌群中的和肠道菌群中的与平均日增重、血清生化指标和差异代谢物（-）-表没食子儿茶素（R>0.58，<0.05）呈显著正相关。
结论
SQBQP 通过调节犊牛胃肠道菌群和体内代谢过程，促进犊牛增重，增强健康。
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