School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Qual Life Res. 2024 Oct;33(10):2819-2831. doi: 10.1007/s11136-024-03735-8. Epub 2024 Jul 16.
To describe the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), estimate the associated health state utility values (HSUVs) and explore factors associated with HRQoL of patients with anxiety and/or depression in a resource-limited hospital setting.
A cross-sectional survey involving 462 participants was conducted in a hospital setting. The Amharic version of the EQ-5D-5 L assessed HRQoL, while the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 measured severity of anxiety and depression symptoms respectively. HSUVs were analysed based on clinical and demographic profiles; mean differences were compared using t-tests and one-way ANOVA; Scheffe's post hoc comparisons and effect sizes (Cohen's d statistic) were used to assess the magnitude of group differences. Factors associated with HRQoL were explored using regression analysis.
The mean HSUV was 0.87 (SD = 0.17) and the EQ VAS was 71.4 (SD = 19.1). Patients with both anxiety and depression scored significantly lower (HSUV = 0.83 [0.16], EQ VAS = 64.4 [17.9]) compared to those with either anxiety only (HSUV = 0.88 [0.17], EQ VAS = 75.3 [17.9]) or depression only (HSUV = 0.89 [0.18], EQ VAS 74.4 [19.7]). Males had slightly higher mean scores than females, while those aged 18-35 years demonstrated the highest scores on both the EQ-5D-5 L and EQ VAS. Older age (β=-0.002), higher PHQ-9 scores (β=-0.008) and comorbid hypertension (β=-0.07) associated with lower HSUVs. Lower EQ VAS scores were associated with being female (β=-4.4), having comorbid hypertension (β=-7.4) and higher PHQ-9 scores (β=-0.86), while a positive association was found with having 'more than enough' income (β = 11.8).
Older age, severity or co-diagnosis of anxiety or depression and comorbid conditions were associated with lower HRQoL, highlighting the need for better interventions to improve the HRQoL of patients with anxiety and depression in Ethiopia.
描述焦虑和/或抑郁患者的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL），评估其相关健康状态效用值（HSUV），并探讨与 HRQoL 相关的因素。
在一家医院进行了一项包含 462 名参与者的横断面调查。爱荷华州焦虑量表（GAD-7）和患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）分别用于评估焦虑和抑郁症状的严重程度。HSUV 根据临床和人口统计学特征进行分析；采用 t 检验和单因素方差分析比较均值差异；Scheffe 事后比较和效应量（Cohen's d 统计量）用于评估组间差异的大小。采用回归分析探讨与 HRQoL 相关的因素。
HSUV 的平均值为 0.87（SD=0.17），EQ VAS 为 71.4（SD=19.1）。同时患有焦虑和抑郁的患者评分明显低于仅患有焦虑（HSUV=0.83[0.16]，EQ VAS=64.4[17.9]）或仅患有抑郁（HSUV=0.89[0.18]，EQ VAS=74.4[19.7]）的患者。男性的平均得分略高于女性，而 18-35 岁年龄组在 EQ-5D-5 L 和 EQ VAS 上的得分均最高。年龄较大（β=-0.002）、PHQ-9 得分较高（β=-0.008）和合并高血压（β=-0.07）与较低的 HSUV 相关。EQ VAS 得分较低与女性（β=-4.4）、合并高血压（β=-7.4）和 PHQ-9 得分较高（β=-0.86）相关，而与收入“绰绰有余”（β=11.8）呈正相关。
年龄较大、焦虑或抑郁的严重程度或合并诊断以及合并症与较低的 HRQoL 相关，这突显了需要更好的干预措施来改善埃塞俄比亚焦虑和抑郁患者的 HRQoL。
