Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Sep 4;72(35):19304-19311. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04168. Epub 2024 Jul 16.
Widespread use of the new chiral triazole fungicide mefentrifluconazole (MFZ) poses a threat to soil organisms. Although triazole fungicides have been reported to induce reproductive disorders in vertebrates, significant research gaps remain regarding their impact on the reproductive health of soil invertebrates. Here, reproduction-related toxicity end points were explored in earthworms () after exposure for 28 d to soil containing 4 mg/kg racemic MFZ, R-(-)-MFZ, and S-(+)-MFZ. The S-(+)-MFZ treatment resulted in a more pronounced reduction in the number of cocoons and juveniles compared to R-(-)-MFZ treatment, and the expression of annetocin gene was significantly downregulated following exposure to both enantiomers. This reproductive toxicity has been attributed to the disruption of ovarian steroidogenesis at the transcriptional level. Further studies revealed that MFZ enantiomers were able to activate the estrogen receptor (ER). Indirect evidence for this estrogenic effect is provided by the introduction of 17β-estradiol, which also induces reproductive disorders through ER activation.
新型手性三唑类杀菌剂甲呋酰胺（MFZ）的广泛使用对土壤生物构成了威胁。虽然已有报道称三唑类杀菌剂会导致脊椎动物生殖障碍，但关于其对土壤无脊椎动物生殖健康的影响，仍存在显著的研究空白。在此，研究人员通过 28 天的土壤暴露实验，探究了接触含 4 mg/kg 外消旋 MFZ、R-(-)-MFZ 和 S-(+)-MFZ 的土壤后，蚯蚓体内与生殖相关的毒性终点。与 R-(-)-MFZ 处理相比，S-(+)-MFZ 处理导致结茧数和幼体数明显减少，并且暴露于两种对映体后，安乐素基因的表达显著下调。这种生殖毒性归因于转录水平上对卵巢类固醇生成的破坏。进一步的研究表明，MFZ 对映体能够激活雌激素受体（ER）。17β-雌二醇的引入为这种雌激素效应提供了间接证据，因为 17β-雌二醇通过 ER 激活也会引起生殖障碍。
