Pryde Samantha, Kemps Eva, Prichard Ivanka
Flinders University, Psychology, College of Education, Psychology & Social Work, Australia; Flinders University, Caring Futures Institute and SHAPE Research Centre, Australia.
Flinders University, Psychology, College of Education, Psychology & Social Work, Australia.
Body Image. 2024 Dec;51:101769. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101769. Epub 2024 Jul 15.
Fitspiration presents idealised bodies to viewers, emphasising a fit ideal to women and a muscular ideal to men. Previous content analyses have focused on images from Instagram, with research yet to examine video content on TikTok or verify the accuracy of the diet and exercise information posted by fitness influencers. This content analysis examined 200 videos from popular TikTok fitspiration hashtags (fitness, fitspo, gymtok, fittok). Two independent coders used a standardised codebook containing definitions and examples for coding. Overall, 78 % of videos showed only women, and 10 % of videos showed only men. Videos of women included both fit and thin idealised bodies, whole body and specific body part objectification, harmful themes, and promoted appearance-related reasons for exercise more frequently than videos containing men. Videos of men included muscular idealised bodies and objectification through face obscurity (excluding the face from view) more frequently than videos of women. Most videos were posted by fitness influencers, and 60 % of videos presented incorrect or harmful information. Findings suggest that fitspiration TikTok content contains characteristics known to negatively impact body image and highlights gendered differences in content themes. Further investigation is required on the promotion of appearance reasons to exercise, and the credibility of information and content creators.
健身激励向观众展示理想化的身体形象，强调女性的健身理想和男性的肌肉理想。以往的内容分析主要集中在来自照片墙（Instagram）的图片上，尚未有研究考察抖音（TikTok）上的视频内容，也未验证健身影响者发布的饮食和锻炼信息的准确性。本内容分析考察了来自抖音热门健身激励标签（健身、健身激励、健身抖音、健身tok）的200个视频。两名独立编码员使用了一个标准化的编码手册，其中包含编码的定义和示例。总体而言，78%的视频仅展示女性，10%的视频仅展示男性。与包含男性的视频相比，女性视频更频繁地展示了健身和瘦的理想化身体形象、全身和特定身体部位的物化、有害主题，以及宣扬与外表相关的锻炼理由。男性视频比女性视频更频繁地展示肌肉理想化身体形象以及通过遮挡面部（不让面部出现在画面中）进行物化。大多数视频由健身影响者发布，60%的视频呈现了不正确或有害的信息。研究结果表明，抖音上的健身激励内容包含已知会对身体形象产生负面影响的特征，并突出了内容主题上的性别差异。需要对宣扬外表相关的锻炼理由以及信息和内容创作者的可信度进行进一步调查。
