意大利年轻医生和学生对气候行动及传染病负担变化的看法：一项全国性调查。
Perspectives on climate action and the changing burden of infectious diseases among young Italian doctors and students: a national survey.
作者信息
Segala Francesco Vladimiro, Di Gennaro Francesco, Giannini Lucia A A, Stroffolini Giacomo, Colpani Agnese, De Vito Andrea, Di Gregorio Stefano, Frallonardo Luisa, Guido Giacomo, Novara Roberta, Amendolara Angela, Ritacco Ilenia Annunziata, Ferrante Francesca, Masini Lorenzo, Iannetti Ilaria, Mazzeo Salvatore, Marello Silvia, Veronese Nicola, Gobbi Federico, Iatta Roberta, Saracino Annalisa
机构信息
Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
Doctors4Future, "Chi si Cura di Te?", Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2024 Jul 2;12:1382505. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1382505. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND
The eco-climatic crisis has been defined by the World Health Organization as the "single biggest health threat facing humanity," influencing both the emergence of zoonoses and the spread of vector-borne and water-borne diseases. The aim of this survey was to explore knowledge, eco-anxiety and attitudes toward the ecological and climate crisis among young Italian doctors and medical students.
METHODS
A cross-sectional, multicenter survey was conducted from November 2022 to June 2023, by administering an anonymous questionnaire to Italian doctors and students of medicine. Endpoint of the study was a Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) score on ecological and climate crisis (0-20 points). Association between variables and KAP score was assessed by Kruskal-Wallis' or Spearman's test, as appropriate, and significant variables were included into ordinal regression model and reported as adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI).
RESULTS
Both KAP and eco-anxiety scores showed acceptable levels of consistency with Cronbach's alpha. A total of 605 medical doctors and students living in 19 Italian regions were included in the study. Median age [Q1-Q3] was 27.6 [24.1-31.3] and females were 352 (58.2%). Despite showing good attitudes toward climate action, knowledge gap were found, with 42.5% ( = 257) of the respondents not knowing the temperature limits set by the Paris Agreements and 45.5% ( = 275) believing that climate change is caused by sunspots. Fears suggestive for eco-anxiety were common. At multivariable ordinal regression, high levels of eco-anxiety (aOR 1.29, = 0.001) and low trust in government action (aOR 1.96, = 0.003) were associated with a higher KAP score. Only one Italian medical school offered an educational module on climate change.
CONCLUSION
Young Italian doctors and medical students are concerned about the climate crisis but show poor knowledge of these topics. The Italian academic system should urgently respond to this need.
背景
世界卫生组织已将生态气候危机定义为“人类面临的最大健康威胁”，它既影响人畜共患病的出现，也影响媒介传播疾病和水传播疾病的传播。本次调查的目的是探索意大利年轻医生和医学生对生态和气候危机的知识、生态焦虑及态度。
方法
2022年11月至2023年6月进行了一项横断面多中心调查，向意大利医生和医学生发放匿名问卷。研究终点是生态和气候危机的知识、态度和实践（KAP）得分（0 - 20分）。根据情况，通过Kruskal - Wallis检验或Spearman检验评估变量与KAP得分之间的关联，并将显著变量纳入有序回归模型，报告为调整优势比（aOR）及其95%置信区间（CI）。
结果
KAP得分和生态焦虑得分与Cronbach's alpha的一致性水平均可接受。共有605名居住在意大利19个地区的医生和学生纳入研究。年龄中位数[Q1 - Q3]为27.6[24.1 - 31.3]，女性有352人（58.2%）。尽管对气候行动表现出良好态度，但仍发现存在知识差距，42.5%（n = 257）的受访者不知道《巴黎协定》设定的温度限制，45.5%（n = 275）的人认为气候变化是由太阳黑子引起的。提示生态焦虑的恐惧很常见。在多变量有序回归中，高水平的生态焦虑（aOR 1.29，P = 0.001）和对政府行动的低信任度（aOR 1.96，P = 0.003）与较高的KAP得分相关。只有一所意大利医学院提供了关于气候变化的教育模块。
结论
意大利年轻医生和医学生关注气候危机，但对这些主题的知识了解不足。意大利学术系统应紧急应对这一需求。
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