Vesikari T, Isolauri E
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1985 Sep;74(5):650-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10006.x.
Infants aged 4 to 36 months with acute diarrhoea (rotavirus 66%) were treated as outpatients with oral fluids and a rapid return to full feedings. In addition, the infants were randomized to receive for 3 days either cholestyramine 2 g twice daily (N = 10), an equivalent placebo 2 g twice daily (N = 15), or loperamide 0.10 mg/kg divided in three doses (N = 16). The duration of watery diarrhoea from the beginning of treatment was 0.9 +/- 1.0 days in the cholestyramine group, 2.5 +/- 1.3 days in the loperamide group, and 3.3 +/- 1.6 days in the placebo group (p less than 0.001 cholestyramine vs. placebo, p less than 0.005 cholestyramine vs. loperamide). The infants receiving cholestyramine also had a better weight gain than those receiving the placebo, and their metabolic acidosis was corrected sooner. There was no hyperchloraemia associated with the cholestyramine treatment. It is concluded that cholestyramine 2 g twice daily for 3 days can be safely used to shorten the course of acute diarrhoea. The use of loperamide in acute infantile diarrhoea does not appear justified.
年龄在4至36个月的急性腹泻婴儿（轮状病毒感染占66%）作为门诊患者接受口服补液治疗，并迅速恢复全量喂养。此外，这些婴儿被随机分为三组，分别接受为期3天的以下治疗：每天两次，每次2克考来烯胺（N = 10）；每天两次，每次2克等效安慰剂（N = 15）；或洛哌丁胺0.10毫克/千克，分三次服用（N = 16）。从治疗开始计算，考来烯胺组水样腹泻的持续时间为0.9±1.0天，洛哌丁胺组为2.5±1.3天，安慰剂组为3.3±1.6天（考来烯胺组与安慰剂组相比，p<0.001；考来烯胺组与洛哌丁胺组相比，p<0.005）。接受考来烯胺治疗的婴儿体重增加情况也优于接受安慰剂的婴儿，且其代谢性酸中毒得到更快纠正。考来烯胺治疗未出现高氯血症。结论是，每天两次，每次2克考来烯胺，连用3天可安全用于缩短急性腹泻病程。在急性婴儿腹泻中使用洛哌丁胺似乎没有依据。
