Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Department of Restorative Dentistry and Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2024 Sep 1;327(3):E313-E327. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00213.2024. Epub 2024 Jul 17.
Thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus are prevalent endocrine disorders that often coexist and influence each other. The role of spexin (SPX) in diabetes and obesity is well documented, but its connection to thyroid function is less understood. This study investigates the influence of exercise (EX) and SPX on thyroid hypofunction in obese type 2 diabetic rats. Rats were divided into normal control, obese diabetic sedentary, obese diabetic EX, and obese diabetic SPX groups, with subdivisions for M871 and HT-2157 treatment in the latter two groups. High-fat diet together with streptozotocin (STZ) injection induced obesity and diabetes. The EX group underwent swimming, and the SPX group received SPX injections for 8 wk. Results showed significant improvements in thyroid function and metabolic, oxidative, and inflammatory states with EX and SPX treatment. The study also explored the involvement of galanin receptor isoforms (GALR)2/3 in SPX effects on thyroid function. Blocking GALR2/3 receptors partially attenuated the beneficial effects, indicating their interaction. These findings underscore the importance of EX and SPX in modulating thyroid function in obesity and diabetes. Comprehending this interplay could enable the development of new treatment approaches for thyroid disorders associated with obese type 2 diabetes. Additional research is necessary to clarify the exact mechanisms connecting SPX, EX activity, and thyroid function. This study proves, for the first time, the beneficial effects of SPX on thyroid dysfunction in obese diabetic rats and suggests that SPX mediates the EX effect on thyroid gland and exerts its effect mainly via GALR2.
甲状腺功能障碍和糖尿病是常见的内分泌紊乱疾病，它们常并存并相互影响。瘦素（SPX）在糖尿病和肥胖中的作用已有充分的文献记载，但它与甲状腺功能的关系还不太清楚。本研究探讨了运动（EX）和 SPX 对肥胖 2 型糖尿病大鼠甲状腺功能减退的影响。将大鼠分为正常对照组、肥胖糖尿病安静组、肥胖糖尿病 EX 组和肥胖糖尿病 SPX 组，后两组又分为 M871 和 HT-2157 处理亚组。高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素（STZ）注射诱导肥胖和糖尿病。EX 组进行游泳运动，SPX 组接受 SPX 注射 8 周。结果显示，EX 和 SPX 治疗可显著改善甲状腺功能和代谢、氧化和炎症状态。本研究还探讨了甘丙肽受体亚型（GALR）2/3 在 SPX 对甲状腺功能影响中的作用。阻断 GALR2/3 受体部分减弱了有益作用，表明它们之间存在相互作用。这些发现强调了 EX 和 SPX 在调节肥胖和糖尿病中甲状腺功能的重要性。深入了解这种相互作用可能为与肥胖 2 型糖尿病相关的甲状腺疾病的治疗提供新的方法。需要进一步的研究来阐明 SPX、EX 活性和甲状腺功能之间的确切联系。本研究首次证明了 SPX 对肥胖糖尿病大鼠甲状腺功能障碍的有益作用，并表明 SPX 通过 GALR2 介导了 EX 对甲状腺的作用，并主要通过 GALR2 发挥其作用。
