Khayyam Umer, Rayan Muhammad, Hussain Adil Iftikhar
Department of Development Studies, School of Social Sciences and Humanities (S3H), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad (ICT), Pakistan.
School of Spatial Planning, Chair of Landscape Ecology and Landscape Planning (LLP), Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.
PLoS One. 2024 Jul 17;19(7):e0300572. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300572. eCollection 2024.
Contaminated air quality, in lieu of massive industrial pollution, is severely attributing to health anomalies in the proximity of industrial units. Cardiovascular Disease (CAD) is rising around industrial units in the planned capital city of Pakistan, Pakistan. To study self-reported CAD in the proximity of Industrial Estate Islamabad (IEI) by equating two distinct study groups as 'Band-I': the residence 0-650 meters and 'Band-II' 650-1300 meters radius around the perimeter of IEI. The perimeters were digitized using Google Earth and GIS. Field survey was conducted on deploying 388 (194 in each Band) close-ended (self-administered) questionnaires at the household level, after adjusting the potential confounding variables. The research calculated odds ratios (ORs) of the CAD at 95% CI. The study's findings of the multiple logistic regression for ORs confirmed a significant increase in CAD problems due to industrial affluents in Band-I than in Band-II which were less severe and less life-threatening. Study confirmed high incidences of high blood pressure and breathing issues (up to 67%), due to accumulation of unhealthy affluents thus leading to heart stroke (Band I = 56.20% and Band II = 60.30%). It is aided by smoking that has increased CAD in Band-I. Societal attributes of knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and preferences fail to safeguard the local residents amid high concentration of harmful pollutants. As a counter measure the affected respondents engaged in highlighting the issue to the concerned public offices, yet there is a high need on part of the capital government to take mitigative measures to immediately halt the disastrous industrial air emissions to save precious lives.
受污染的空气质量，而非大规模工业污染，正严重导致工业单位附近地区出现健康异常情况。在巴基斯坦规划中的首都，心血管疾病（CAD）在工业单位周边地区呈上升趋势。为了研究伊斯兰堡工业区（IEI）周边地区自我报告的CAD情况，将两个不同的研究组视为“一区”：即IEI周边半径0至650米的居民，以及“二区”：半径650至1300米的居民。使用谷歌地球和地理信息系统（GIS）将周边区域数字化。在调整潜在混杂变量后，在家庭层面发放了388份（每个区域194份）封闭式（自行填写）问卷进行实地调查。该研究计算了95%置信区间下CAD的比值比（ORs）。该研究关于ORs的多元逻辑回归结果证实，一区因工业污染物导致的CAD问题比二区显著增加，二区的情况没那么严重，对生命的威胁也较小。研究证实，由于不健康污染物的积累，高血压和呼吸问题的发生率很高（高达67%），从而导致中风（一区 = 56.20%，二区 = 60.30%）。吸烟加剧了一区的CAD问题。在有害污染物高度集中的情况下，知识、信念、态度和偏好等社会因素未能保护当地居民。作为应对措施，受影响的受访者向相关政府部门强调了这一问题，但首都政府迫切需要采取缓解措施，立即停止灾难性的工业废气排放，以拯救宝贵的生命。
