Cockcroft D W
Ann Allergy. 1985 Oct;55(4):527-34.
Bronchial inhalation test with histamine or methacholine are useful to measure the presence and degree of nonallergic bronchial hyperresponsiveness, a ubiquitous feature of current symptomatic asthma. Tests must be well standardized so that the test is reproducible and the results can be interpreted and compared with other investigators. The tests are safe and relatively simple to perform. Histamine and methacholine tests are useful in the diagnosis of asthma, in the assessment of its severity, in the diagnosis and follow-up of occupational asthma, and in the monitoring of various asthma treatments. It is suggested that a well standardized histamine or methacholine inhalation test should be available in all major pulmonary function laboratories.
使用组胺或乙酰甲胆碱进行支气管吸入试验，有助于测定非过敏性支气管高反应性的存在及程度，这是当前症状性哮喘的一个普遍特征。试验必须进行充分标准化，以便试验具有可重复性，且结果能够被解读并与其他研究者的结果进行比较。这些试验安全且操作相对简单。组胺试验和乙酰甲胆碱试验在哮喘诊断、病情严重程度评估、职业性哮喘的诊断和随访以及各种哮喘治疗的监测中均有用处。建议所有大型肺功能实验室都应具备充分标准化的组胺或乙酰甲胆碱吸入试验。
