Gach Debbie, Beijers Rosanne J H C G, van Zeeland Roel, van Kampen-van den Boogaart Vivian, Posthuma Rein, Schols Annemie M W J, van den Bergh Joop P, van Osch Frits H M
Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, VieCuri Medical Centre, Venlo, The Netherlands.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 17;14(1):16571. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-67314-0.
A significant proportion of COVID-19 survivors still experience a reduced diffusion capacity three and twelve months after discharge. We aimed to compare pulmonary function trajectories between hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pre-existing respiratory disease (PRD) and patients without pre-existing respiratory disease (Non-PRD) at three and twelve months after hospital discharge. This single-centre retrospective cohort study included COVID-19 patients admitted to the VieCuri Medical Centre (Venlo, the Netherlands) between February and December 2020 that were invited to the outpatient clinic at three and twelve months after discharge. During this visit, pulmonary function tests were performed and impairments were based on lower limit of normal. Data of 239 patients were analysed (65% male, 66 ± 10 years, and 26% with a history of respiratory disease). Three months after discharge, 49% and 64% of the Non-PRD patients (n = 177) and PRD patients (n = 62) had a low diffusion capacity, respectively. This improved over time in Non-PRD patients (p = 0.003), but not in PRD patients (p = 0.250). A low diffusion capacity was still observed in 34% and 57% of the Non-PRD and PRD group, respectively, twelve months after discharge. Pulmonary function impairments, mainly a reduced diffusion capacity, are observed among hospitalized COVID-19 patients with PRD and Non-PRD, at three and twelve months follow-up. Although diffusion capacity impairments restore over time in Non-PRD patients, poor recovery was observed among PRD patients.
相当一部分新冠病毒疾病康复者在出院后3个月和12个月时，仍存在弥散能力下降的情况。我们旨在比较出院后3个月和12个月时，合并既往呼吸系统疾病（PRD）的新冠病毒疾病住院患者与无既往呼吸系统疾病（非PRD）患者的肺功能轨迹。这项单中心回顾性队列研究纳入了2020年2月至12月期间入住荷兰芬洛市维库里医疗中心的新冠病毒疾病患者，这些患者在出院后3个月和12个月时被邀请到门诊就诊。在此次就诊期间，进行了肺功能测试，并根据正常下限判断是否存在功能损害。分析了239例患者的数据（65%为男性，66±10岁，26%有呼吸系统疾病史）。出院后3个月时，非PRD组（n = 177）和PRD组（n = 62）分别有49%和64%的患者存在低弥散能力。非PRD组患者的这种情况随时间有所改善（p = 0.003），但PRD组患者没有改善（p = 0.250）。出院12个月后，非PRD组和PRD组分别仍有34%和57%的患者存在低弥散能力。在出院后3个月和12个月的随访中，PRD组和非PRD组的住院新冠病毒疾病患者均出现了肺功能损害，主要是弥散能力下降。尽管非PRD组患者的弥散能力损害随时间恢复，但PRD组患者的恢复情况较差。
