Poinsot Romane, Hopkins Sinead, Maillot Matthieu
MS-Nutrition, Marseille, France.
Cereal Partners Worldwide, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Front Nutr. 2024 Jul 3;11:1430831. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1430831. eCollection 2024.
Breakfast meals provide essential nutrients and energy to children and adolescents. Based on recommendations from the International Breakfast Research Initiative (IBRI), the Breakfast Quality Score (BQS) was developed to assess breakfast nutritional value among the French adult population. However, its application to children remains unexplored.
This study aimed to evaluate the BQS in assessing the nutritional quality of breakfasts consumed by French children aged 4-17 years.
A total of 4,015 breakfasts, obtained from dietary recalls provided by 1,448 children participating in the French representative dietary survey (INCA3), were analyzed. As for adults, the performance of the BQS was tested through correlations with other nutritional indicators and comparison of nutrients and dietary components between tertiles of scores. The study examined the regularity of breakfast consumption and compared the BQS of children's breakfasts across socio-demographic modalities and breakfast categories distinguished by their primary grain component. Additionally, a predictive modeling using Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression identified influential INCA3 food groups.
The majority of children consumed solid breakfasts regularly. Socio-professional category, household income and food insecurity influenced BQS, revealing contradictory disparities. Ready-to-eat cereal (RTEC) breakfasts had the highest BQS (73.5% for children and 73.1% for adolescent), while biscuits and viennoiseries scored the lowest (52% for children and 49.1% for adolescent). PLS highlighted RTECs, milk, and hot beverages (mainly containing chocolate milk) as being positively associated with BQS, while sweet beverages and viennoiseries were negatively associated.
The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the BQS in assessing children's breakfast quality, with RTEC breakfasts showing the highest nutritional value. The findings provide insights into factors influencing breakfast nutritional quality and underscore the importance of promoting healthier breakfast choices among all children.
早餐为儿童和青少年提供必需的营养和能量。根据国际早餐研究倡议（IBRI）的建议，开发了早餐质量评分（BQS）以评估法国成年人群体的早餐营养价值。然而，其在儿童中的应用仍未得到探索。
本研究旨在评估BQS在评估4至17岁法国儿童早餐营养质量方面的情况。
分析了从1448名参与法国代表性饮食调查（INCA3）的儿童提供的饮食回忆中获得的总共4015份早餐。与成年人一样，通过与其他营养指标的相关性以及分数三分位数之间营养素和饮食成分的比较来测试BQS的性能。该研究考察了早餐消费的规律性，并比较了不同社会人口统计学模式下儿童早餐的BQS以及按主要谷物成分区分的早餐类别。此外，使用偏最小二乘法（PLS）回归的预测模型确定了有影响力的INCA3食物组。
大多数儿童经常食用固体早餐。社会职业类别、家庭收入和粮食不安全状况影响了BQS，显示出相互矛盾的差异。即食谷物（RTEC）早餐的BQS最高（儿童为73.5%，青少年为73.1%），而饼干和维也纳甜面包得分最低（儿童为52%，青少年为49.1%）。PLS突出显示RTEC、牛奶和热饮（主要是巧克力牛奶）与BQS呈正相关，而甜饮料和维也纳甜面包与BQS呈负相关。
该研究证明了BQS在评估儿童早餐质量方面的有效性，其中RTEC早餐显示出最高的营养价值。研究结果为影响早餐营养质量的因素提供了见解，并强调了在所有儿童中推广更健康早餐选择的重要性。
