Feng Bi-Yun, Zhang Hui, Zhang Dong-Yuan, Luo You-Hua, Yang Hui, Lin Jing, Li Ling-Yan, Qiu Xian-Zhu, Qiu Feng-Yan, Ye Li-Shan, Yi Li-Tao, Xu Guang-Hui
Xiamen Medicine Research Institute, Xiamen, Fujian province, 361008, PR China.
College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350122, PR China.
Heliyon. 2024 Jun 19;10(12):e33220. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33220. eCollection 2024 Jun 30.
Seahorses are increasingly recognized for their nutritional potential, which underscores the necessity for comprehensive biochemical analyses. This study aims to investigate the fatty acid and amino acid compositions of eight seahorse species, including both genders of Hippocampus trimaculatus, Hippocampus kelloggi, Hippocampus abdominalis, and , to evaluate their nutritional value. We employed Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to analyze the fatty acid and amino acid profiles of the seahorse species. GC-MS was used to detect 34 fatty acid methyl esters, while HPLC provided detailed amino acid profiles. GC-MS analysis demonstrated high precision with relative standard deviations (RSDs) generally below 2.53 %, satisfactory repeatability (RSDs from 6.55 % to 8.73 %), and stability (RSDs below 2.82 %). Recovery rates for major fatty acids ranged from 98.73 % to 109.12 %. HPLC analysis showed strong separation of amino acid profiles with theoretical plate numbers exceeding 5000. Precision tests yielded RSDs below 1.23 %, with reproducibility and stability tests showing RSDs below 2.73 % and 2.86 %, respectively. Amino acid recovery rates ranged from 97.58 % to 104.66 %. Nutritional analysis revealed significant variations in fatty acid content among the species. Female showed higher levels of hexadecanoic acid and saturated fatty acids, while male had lower concentrations of n-3 full cis 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Total lipid yields varied from 3.2491 % to 12.3175 %, with major fatty acids constituting 17.9717 %-74.6962 % of total lipids. In conclusion, this study provides essential insights into the fatty acid and amino acid composition of seahorses, supporting their potential as valuable dietary supplements. The differences between genders in specific fatty acids suggest a nuanced nutritional profile that could be exploited for targeted dietary applications. Further research is needed to explore the seasonal and environmental variations affecting seahorse biochemical composition.
海马的营养潜力越来越受到认可，这凸显了进行全面生化分析的必要性。本研究旨在调查八种海马的脂肪酸和氨基酸组成，包括三斑海马、克氏海马、腹海马的雌雄个体，以评估它们的营养价值。我们采用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）和高效液相色谱仪（HPLC）来分析海马物种的脂肪酸和氨基酸谱。GC - MS用于检测34种脂肪酸甲酯，而HPLC提供详细的氨基酸谱。GC - MS分析显示出高精度，相对标准偏差（RSD）一般低于2.53%，重复性良好（RSD为6.55%至8.73%），稳定性也较好（RSD低于2.82%）。主要脂肪酸的回收率在98.73%至109.12%之间。HPLC分析表明氨基酸谱分离效果良好，理论塔板数超过5000。精密度测试的RSD低于1.23%，重现性和稳定性测试的RSD分别低于2.73%和2.86%。氨基酸回收率在97.58%至104.66%之间。营养分析表明，不同物种之间脂肪酸含量存在显著差异。雌性海马的十六烷酸和饱和脂肪酸含量较高，而雄性海马的n - 3全顺式4,7,10,13,16,19 - 二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）浓度较低。总脂质产量在3.2491%至12.3175%之间，主要脂肪酸占总脂质的17.9717% - 74.6962%。总之，本研究为海马的脂肪酸和氨基酸组成提供了重要见解，支持了它们作为有价值膳食补充剂的潜力。特定脂肪酸在性别上的差异表明其营养特征存在细微差别，可用于针对性的饮食应用。需要进一步研究以探索影响海马生化组成的季节和环境变化。
