Tian Yuanyuan, Tian Xiaoyu, Yang Bolei, Ma Junning, Shan Jihao, Xing Fuguo
Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
Heliyon. 2024 Jun 14;10(12):e33163. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33163. eCollection 2024 Jun 30.
Mycotoxin contamination in grain has been an ongoing concern in the world. Wheat, as a staple crop in China, is particularly notable for its mycotoxin contamination. The main mycotoxins in wheat include deoxynivalenol (DON) and its derivates, zearalenone (ZEN) and aflatoxin B (AFB). After harvest, drying process is an effective technique and a necessary step to ensure the long-term safe storage of wheat. In this study, the moisture content, the concentrations of total fungi and main mycotoxins in post-harvest wheat of three wheat growing areas in the North China Plain were examined, and the effect of different drying methods on wheat quality was evaluated. The results showed that 87.5% of wheat samples were simultaneously contaminated with two or more mycotoxins. Due to the pre-harvest heavy rainfall, the moisture content, the levels of total fungi and mycotoxins in wheat samples of Liaocheng city were significantly higher compared to other regions. Moreover, the effects of different drying methods on the starch gelatinization and viscosity properties of wheat were investigated. The results showed that both natural air drying and dryer drying altered the crystal structure within starch particles and affected the gelatinization and viscosity properties of wheat starch. However, there is no significant difference between the wheat samples treated with two drying methods.
谷物中的霉菌毒素污染一直是全球关注的问题。小麦作为中国的主要粮食作物，其霉菌毒素污染问题尤为突出。小麦中的主要霉菌毒素包括脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）及其衍生物、玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）和黄曲霉毒素B（AFB）。收获后，干燥处理是确保小麦长期安全储存的有效技术和必要步骤。本研究检测了华北平原三个小麦种植区收获后小麦的水分含量、总真菌浓度和主要霉菌毒素，并评估了不同干燥方法对小麦品质的影响。结果表明，87.5%的小麦样品同时受到两种或更多霉菌毒素的污染。由于收获前降雨量大，聊城市小麦样品的水分含量、总真菌和霉菌毒素水平显著高于其他地区。此外，研究了不同干燥方法对小麦淀粉糊化和黏度特性的影响。结果表明，自然风干和烘干机干燥均改变了淀粉颗粒内部的晶体结构，影响了小麦淀粉的糊化和黏度特性。然而，两种干燥方法处理的小麦样品之间没有显著差异。
