Sun Xu, Wang Kai, Zhang Ge, Ren Han, Yu Hongxian
Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Aquaculture of Northern Fishes in Liaoning Province, College of Fisheries and Life Science Dalian Ocean University Dalian Liaoning China.
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin China.
Ecol Evol. 2024 Jul 18;14(7):e11711. doi: 10.1002/ece3.11711. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Muling River, situated amidst cultivated lands in Heilongjiang Province, northeastern China, has long been subjected to sand-digging activities, resulting in severe damage to its riverbed. However, little research has been conducted on the impact of this disturbance on the status of fish community structure and trophic guilds in this river. In this study, environmental factors, fish community structure, and fish trophic guild biomass distribution patterns from the Muling River basin were investigated among seasons (spring, summer, and autumn) and sections (upper, middle, and lower stream) in 2015 and 2017. During the six sampling times periods, 46 species of five orders and 12 families of fish were classified into seven trophic guilds. Fish species number and biomass were higher upper reaches of the watershed. The insectivores (16.26%), phytoplanktivores (10.09%), benthivores (40.17%), and omnivores (11.86%) were the dominant trophic guilds. We found that fish trophic guilds biomass and environmental factors such as transparency, water depth, pH value, total phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand were highest in the upper section compared to other sections. Variation partitioning revealed that fish trophic guilds biomass was influenced more by environmental factors (61.2%), followed by section (0.7%) and season (0.1%). Partial RDA ordination showed that fish trophic guilds were positively correlated with water depth and transparency, while negative with turbidity. This study underscores the importance of considering trophic guilds of freshwater fishes to inform management strategies in regions experiencing significant environmental change.
穆棱河位于中国东北黑龙江省的耕地之间，长期以来一直受到采砂活动的影响，导致其河床严重受损。然而，关于这种干扰对该河流鱼类群落结构和营养类群状况的影响，此前鲜有研究。本研究于2015年和2017年对穆棱河流域的环境因素、鱼类群落结构以及鱼类营养类群生物量分布模式在不同季节（春季、夏季和秋季）和不同河段（上游、中游和下游）进行了调查。在六个采样时间段内，共鉴定出5目12科46种鱼类，分为七个营养类群。流域上游的鱼类物种数量和生物量较高。食虫类（16.26%）、浮游植物食性类（10.09%）、底栖动物食性类（40.17%）和杂食类（11.86%）是主要的营养类群。我们发现，与其他河段相比，上游河段的鱼类营养类群生物量以及透明度、水深、pH值、总磷和化学需氧量等环境因素最高。变异分解表明，鱼类营养类群生物量受环境因素影响更大（61.2%），其次是河段（0.7%）和季节（0.1%）。偏冗余分析排序表明，鱼类营养类群与水深和透明度呈正相关，与浊度呈负相关。本研究强调了在经历重大环境变化的地区，考虑淡水鱼类营养类群以制定管理策略的重要性。
