Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China; Department of Agricultural and Plantation Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China.
Phytomedicine. 2024 Sep;132:155875. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155875. Epub 2024 Jul 14.
Despite extensive efforts, empirical techniques have yielded limited progress in finding effective anticancer medications, with chemotherapy drugs often associated with drug resistance and serious side effects. Thus, there is a pressing need for novel agents with minimal adverse effects. Natural substances, widely used in treating various illnesses, including cancer, offer promising alternatives. Among these, mushrooms, rich in low molecular weight secondary metabolites, polysaccharides, and polysaccharide-protein complexes, have gained attention for their potential anticancer properties.
Mushroom polysaccharides have been found to impede oncogenesis and tumor metastasis by directly inhibiting tumor cell growth and indirectly enhancing immune system functions. These polysaccharides engage with numerous cell signaling pathways that influence cancer development and progression. They affect pathways that control cell survival, growth, and differentiation, and they also play a role in adjusting the tumor immune microenvironment.
This review highlights the potential of mushroom polysaccharides as promising anticancer agents due to their ability to modulate cell signaling pathways crucial for cancer development. Understanding the mechanisms underlying their effects on these pathways is essential for harnessing their therapeutic potential and developing novel strategies for cancer treatment.
尽管进行了广泛的努力，但经验性技术在寻找有效的抗癌药物方面仅取得了有限的进展，化疗药物通常与耐药性和严重的副作用相关。因此，迫切需要具有最小不良反应的新型药物。天然物质广泛用于治疗各种疾病，包括癌症，为潜在的抗癌药物提供了有希望的替代品。在这些物质中，富含低分子量次生代谢物、多糖和多糖-蛋白质复合物的蘑菇因其潜在的抗癌特性而受到关注。
已发现蘑菇多糖通过直接抑制肿瘤细胞生长和间接增强免疫系统功能来阻碍肿瘤发生和转移。这些多糖与影响癌症发展和进展的众多细胞信号通路相互作用。它们影响控制细胞存活、生长和分化的途径，并且还在调节肿瘤免疫微环境方面发挥作用。
由于蘑菇多糖能够调节对癌症发展至关重要的细胞信号通路，因此本文强调了其作为有前途的抗癌药物的潜力。了解其对这些途径的作用机制对于利用其治疗潜力和开发癌症治疗的新策略至关重要。
