Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2024 Oct;26(6):881-895. doi: 10.1111/plb.13627. Epub 2024 Jul 19.
Nitrogen (N) plays a critical role in the functioning of key amino acids and synthetic enzymes responsible for the various stages of lignin biosynthesis. However, the precise mechanisms through which N influences lignin biosynthesis have not been fully elucidated. This scoping review explores how lignin biosynthesis responds to N in plants. A systematic search of the literature in several databases was conducted using relevant keywords. Only 44 of the 1842 selected studies contained a range of plant species, experimental conditions, and research approaches. Lignin content, structure, and biosynthetic pathways in response to N are discussed, and possible response mechanisms of lignin under low N are proposed. Among the selected studies, 64.52% of the studies reter to lignin content found a negative correlation between N availability and lignin content. Usually, high N decreases the lignin content, delays cell lignification, increases p-hydroxyphenyl propane (H) monomer content, and regulates lignin synthesis through the expression of key genes (PAL, 4CL, CCR, CAD, COMT, LAC, and POD) encoding miRNAs and transcription factors (e.g., MYB, bHLH). N deficiency enhances lignin synthesis through the accumulation of phenylpropanoids, phenolics, and soluble carbohydrates, and indirect changes in phytohormones, secondary metabolites, etc. This review provides new insights and important references for future studies on the regulation of lignin biosynthesis.
氮（N）在关键氨基酸和合成酶的功能中起着至关重要的作用，这些酶负责木质素生物合成的各个阶段。然而，N 影响木质素生物合成的确切机制尚未完全阐明。本范围综述探讨了木质素生物合成如何对植物中的 N 做出响应。在几个数据库中使用相关关键字对文献进行了系统搜索。在所选择的 1842 项研究中，只有 44 项研究包含了一系列植物物种、实验条件和研究方法。讨论了木质素含量、结构和生物合成途径对 N 的响应，并提出了低 N 下木质素可能的响应机制。在所选择的研究中，64.52%的研究涉及到发现木质素含量与 N 供应之间存在负相关的研究。通常，高 N 会降低木质素含量，延迟细胞木质化，增加 p-羟基苯丙烷（H）单体含量，并通过编码 miRNA 和转录因子（如 MYB、bHLH）的关键基因（PAL、4CL、CCR、CAD、COMT、LAC 和 POD）的表达来调节木质素合成。N 缺乏通过苯丙烷类化合物、酚类化合物和可溶性碳水化合物的积累，以及植物激素、次生代谢物等的间接变化，增强木质素合成。本综述为未来木质素生物合成调控研究提供了新的见解和重要参考。
