Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Interventional Pulmonology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,
Department of Medicine, Advanced Bronchoscopy Program, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Respiration. 2024;103(11):707-722. doi: 10.1159/000540102. Epub 2024 Jul 21.
The use and availability of diverse advanced X-ray based imaging and guidance systems in the field of interventional pulmonology are rapidly growing. This popularity links inextricably to an increase in ionizing radiation use. Knowing ionizing radiation is hazardous, knowledge and competent use of X-ray imaging and guidance systems are important. The globally implemented As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) principle demands careful attention to minimize radiation exposure while achieving the precise goals of the intervention and imaging therein. To allow careful and targeted weighing of risk against reward while using X-ray based equipment, proper background knowledge of physics as well as imaging system aspects are needed. This white paper summarizes the principles of ionizing radiation which are crucial to enhance awareness and interpretation of dosimetric quantities. Consecutively, a consensus on standards for reporting radiation exposure in interventional pulmonology procedures is indicated to facilitate comparisons between different systems, approaches and results. Last but not least, it provides a list of practical measures, considerations and tips to optimize procedural imaging as well as reduce radiation dose to patients and staff.
介入肺病学领域中各种先进的基于 X 射线的成像和引导系统的使用和可用性正在迅速增长。这种普及与电离辐射使用的增加密不可分。由于知道电离辐射是有害的，因此了解和熟练使用 X 射线成像和引导系统非常重要。全球实施的尽可能低的合理可达到（ALARA）原则要求在实现干预和成像的精确目标的同时，仔细注意最小化辐射暴露。为了在使用基于 X 射线的设备时仔细和有针对性地权衡风险与收益，需要具备适当的物理学和成像系统方面的背景知识。本白皮书总结了电离辐射的原则，这些原则对于提高对剂量学量的认识和解释至关重要。其次，为了便于在不同系统、方法和结果之间进行比较，还指出了介入肺病学程序中报告辐射暴露的标准的共识。最后但同样重要的是，它提供了一系列实用措施、注意事项和技巧，以优化程序成像并降低患者和工作人员的辐射剂量。
