Kiefer Markus, Kammer Thomas
Department of Psychiatry, Ulm University, Germany.
J Cogn. 2024 Jul 18;7(1):59. doi: 10.5334/joc.381. eCollection 2024.
Within the realm of consciousness research, different methods of measuring the content of visual awareness are used: On the one hand, subjective measures require a report of sensory experiences related to a stimulus. On the other hand, objective measures rely on the observer's performance to accurately detect or discriminate the stimulus. The most appropriate measure of awareness is currently debated. To contribute to this debate, we review findings on the relation between subjective and objective measures of awareness. Although subjective measures sometimes lag behind objective measures, a substantial number of studies demonstrates a convergence of measures. Based on the reviewed studies, we identify five aspects relevant for achieving a convergence of measures. Future research could then identify and empirically test the boundary conditions, under which a convergence or divergence of subjective and measures of awareness is observed.
在意识研究领域，人们使用不同的方法来测量视觉意识的内容：一方面，主观测量方法要求报告与刺激相关的感官体验。另一方面，客观测量方法则依赖于观察者准确检测或辨别刺激的表现。目前，关于哪种意识测量方法最为合适仍存在争议。为了推动这场辩论，我们回顾了关于意识主观测量与客观测量之间关系的研究结果。尽管主观测量有时落后于客观测量，但大量研究表明这两种测量方法存在趋同之处。基于所回顾的研究，我们确定了实现测量趋同的五个相关方面。未来的研究可以进一步确定并通过实证检验边界条件，即在这些条件下观察到意识主观测量与客观测量的趋同或差异。
