Rizzo Dorrie, Baltzan Marc, Sirpal Sanjeev, Dosman James, Kaminska Marta, Chung Frances
Hôpital Mont-Sinaï, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Faculty of Medicine, McGill University; St. Mary's Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Can J Public Health. 2024 Dec;115(6):970-979. doi: 10.17269/s41997-024-00911-8. Epub 2024 Jul 22.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common chronic condition that is often undiagnosed or diagnosed after many years of symptoms and has an impact on quality of life and several health factors. We estimated the Canadian national prevalence of OSA using a validated questionnaire and physical measurements in participants in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA).
The method used individual risk estimation based upon the validated STOP-BANG scale developed for OSA. This stratified population sample spans Canada to provide regional estimates.
In this sample of adults aged 45 to 85 years old, the overall prevalence in 2015 of combined moderate and severe OSA in the 51,337 participants was 28.1% (95% confidence intervals, 27.8‒28.4). The regional prevalence varied statistically between Atlantic Canada and Western Canada (p < 0.001), although clinically the variations were limited. The provincial prevalence for moderate and severe OSA ranged from 27.5% (New Brunswick and British Columbia) to 29.1% (Manitoba). Body mass index (BMI) was the dominant determinant of the variance between provinces (β = 0.33, p < 0.001). Only 1.2% of participants had a clinical diagnosis of OSA.
The great majority (92.9%) of the participants at high risk of OSA were unrecognized and had no clinical diagnosis of OSA.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种常见的慢性疾病，常常未被诊断出来，或者在出现症状多年后才得以诊断，它会对生活质量和多个健康因素产生影响。我们使用经过验证的问卷和身体测量方法，对加拿大衰老纵向研究（CLSA）的参与者进行评估，以估算加拿大全国范围内OSA的患病率。
该方法基于为OSA开发的经过验证的STOP-BANG量表进行个体风险评估。这个分层的人群样本覆盖加拿大全国，以提供区域估算数据。
在这个年龄在45至85岁的成年人样本中，2015年51337名参与者中，中度和重度OSA合并患病率为28.1%（95%置信区间为27.8 - 28.4）。加拿大大西洋地区和西部地区的区域患病率在统计学上存在差异（p < 0.001），不过在临床上这种差异有限。中度和重度OSA的省级患病率从27.5%（新不伦瑞克省和不列颠哥伦比亚省）到29.1%（曼尼托巴省）不等。体重指数（BMI）是各省之间差异的主要决定因素（β = 0.33，p < 0.001）。只有1.2%的参与者有OSA的临床诊断。
绝大多数（92.9%）有OSA高风险的参与者未被识别，也没有OSA的临床诊断。
