Li Junfei, Xie Yajie, Liu Guodong, Bahatibieke Abudureheman, Zhao Jianming, Kang Jia, Sha Jian, Zhao Feilong, Zheng Yudong
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024 Jul 31;16(30):38852-38879. doi: 10.1021/acsami.4c07808. Epub 2024 Jul 23.
Biophysical and clinical medical studies have confirmed that biological tissue lesions and trauma are related to the damage of an intrinsic electret (i.e., endogenous electric field), such as wound healing, embryonic development, the occurrence of various diseases, immune regulation, tissue regeneration, and cancer metastasis. As exogenous electrical signals, such as conductivity, piezoelectricity, ferroelectricity, and pyroelectricity, bioelectroactives can regulate the endogenous electric field, thus controlling the function of cells and promoting the repair and regeneration of tissues. Materials, once polarized, can harness their inherent polarized static electric fields to generate an electric field through direct stimulation or indirect interactions facilitated by physical signals, such as friction, ultrasound, or mechanical stimulation. The interaction with the biological microenvironment allows for the regulation and compensation of polarized electric signals in damaged tissue microenvironments, leading to tissue regeneration and repair. The technique shows great promise for applications in the field of tissue regeneration. In this paper, the generation and change of the endogenous electric field and the regulation of exogenous electroactive substances are expounded, and the latest research progress of the electret and its biological effects in the field of tissue repair include bone repair, nerve repair, drug penetration promotion, wound healing, etc. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of electret materials in tissue repair were summarized. Exploring the research and development of new polarized materials and the mechanism of regulating endogenous electric field changes may provide new insights and innovative methods for tissue repair and disease treatment in biological applications.
生物物理和临床医学研究证实，生物组织损伤和创伤与固有驻极体（即内源性电场）的损伤有关，如伤口愈合、胚胎发育、各种疾病的发生、免疫调节、组织再生和癌症转移。作为外源性电信号，如导电性、压电性、铁电性和热释电性，生物电活性物质可以调节内源性电场，从而控制细胞功能并促进组织的修复和再生。材料一旦极化，就可以利用其固有的极化静电场，通过直接刺激或由物理信号（如摩擦、超声或机械刺激）促进的间接相互作用来产生电场。与生物微环境的相互作用允许对受损组织微环境中的极化电信号进行调节和补偿，从而导致组织再生和修复。该技术在组织再生领域显示出巨大的应用前景。本文阐述了内源性电场的产生和变化以及外源性电活性物质的调节作用，并介绍了驻极体及其在组织修复领域（包括骨修复、神经修复、促进药物渗透、伤口愈合等）生物效应的最新研究进展。最后，总结了驻极体材料在组织修复中的机遇和挑战。探索新型极化材料的研发以及调节内源性电场变化的机制，可能为生物应用中的组织修复和疾病治疗提供新的见解和创新方法。
