Fang Chun-Kai, Cheng Sung-Yuan, Pi Shih-Hsuan, Wu Ya-Li, Lin Keng-Chen, Pan Ruei-Yi
Hospice and Palliative Care Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Thanatology and Health Counseling, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024 Jul 12;17:3307-3322. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S466465. eCollection 2024.
Spiritual care is not limited to palliative care or end-of-life care. The spiritual well-being of patients also needs to be taken into account in the multidisciplinary healthcare system of whole person care. For medical institutions providing spiritual care, it is necessary to develop a tool for clinical spiritual care providers to assess patient's spiritual well-being of.
The purpose of this study was to construct a questionnaire that would allow spiritual care providers or pastors to assess the spiritual well-being of patients.
The study combined qualitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative research used in-depth interviews or focus groups with patients and family members to obtain textual data. The text was analyzed by Colaizzi analysis. The researchers constructed the Patient's Spiritual Well-Being Scale (PtSpWBS) from the themes obtained through qualitative analysis. Through the participation of 661 patients, quantitative research was conducted to analyze the reliability, validity and component analysis of the PtSpWBS.
Through qualitative research, it was found the spiritual needs of patients had two domains, namely spiritual awareness and spiritual dynamics. Based on this result, a 15-question PtSpWBS was designed. Cronbach's alpha was used to check the reliability of the PtSpWBS, and the internal consistency was calculated with a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.899. The Bartlett's Test of Sphericity of the PtSpWBS reached a significant difference (p<0.0001), and the KMO value of sampling appropriateness was 0.900. The three components were spiritual health, religion connection, and spiritual awareness. A PtSpWBS score ≦ 41 indicated the patient had poor spiritual well-being.
The study constructed the PtSpWBS for clinical spiritual care providers to evaluate spiritual well-being of patients; this questionnaire has good reliability and validity. The PtSpWBS can be truly used by departments that specialize in providing spiritual care in medical institutions to conduct spiritual well-being assessment.
精神关怀并不局限于姑息治疗或临终关怀。在全人护理的多学科医疗体系中，患者的精神健康也需要得到考虑。对于提供精神关怀的医疗机构而言，有必要开发一种工具，供临床精神关怀提供者评估患者的精神健康状况。
本研究的目的是构建一份问卷，使精神关怀提供者或牧师能够评估患者的精神健康状况。
本研究结合了定性和定量研究方法。定性研究采用对患者及其家属进行深度访谈或焦点小组访谈，以获取文本数据。通过科莱齐分析对文本进行分析。研究人员根据定性分析得出的主题构建了患者精神健康量表（PtSpWBS）。通过661名患者的参与，进行了定量研究，以分析PtSpWBS的信度、效度和因素分析。
通过定性研究发现，患者的精神需求有两个维度，即精神认知和精神动力。基于这一结果，设计了一份包含15个问题的PtSpWBS。采用克朗巴哈系数来检验PtSpWBS的信度，计算得出的内部一致性克朗巴哈系数值为0.899。PtSpWBS的巴特利特球形度检验达到显著差异（p<0.0001），抽样适当性的KMO值为0.900。三个因素分别为精神健康、宗教联系和精神认知。PtSpWBS得分≤41表明患者精神健康状况较差。
本研究构建了PtSpWBS，供临床精神关怀提供者评估患者的精神健康状况；该问卷具有良好的信度和效度。PtSpWBS可被医疗机构中专门提供精神关怀的部门真正用于进行精神健康评估。
