Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Loma Linda VA Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
J Clin Nurs. 2021 Dec;30(23-24):3517-3527. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15854. Epub 2021 Jul 5.
This study aimed to measure the frequency of spiritual needs, identify the factors associated with these needs among Korean and American persons living with an advance chronic illness and compare them from a cross-cultural perspective.
Persons with serious or life-limiting illnesses often have spiritual needs. Unmet spiritual needs are associated with poor well-being and threaten psychological health. Little is known about how specific spiritual needs vary across cultures.
A quantitative, cross-sectional, observational cross-cultural comparison was undertaken.
The study has been prepared in accordance with the STROBE guidelines. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants from outpatient clinics in South Korea and Southern California (N = 202). Spiritual needs were measured using the Spiritual Interests Related to Illness Tool (SpIRIT); demographic and illness-related variables were also assessed using paper-and-pencil questionnaires. Data were analysed using various parametric statistical tests, including multiple regression analysis.
The findings quantify the intensity and types of spiritual needs that persons living with an advanced chronic illness experience. Furthermore, they show how the spiritual needs of religiously diverse samples of South Koreans and Americans differ. The findings also indicate that self-reported spirituality and religiosity independently explain a substantial amount of the variance in spiritual needs.
In both the samples, spiritual needs were reported and associated with spirituality and religiosity. Although all the eight domains of spiritual needs assessed by the SpIRIT were pertinent to the Korean and American samples, they were prioritised differently.
Screening patients to ascertain how important spirituality or religiosity is to them may help clinicians focus their in-depth assessments on those who report high levels of spirituality or religiosity because these patients may experience the strongest spiritual needs. The SpIRIT shows promise as a measure of diverse spiritual needs.
本研究旨在衡量有 Advance 慢性疾病的韩国人和美国人的精神需求频率，确定与这些需求相关的因素，并从跨文化的角度进行比较。
患有严重或生命有限疾病的人通常有精神需求。未满足的精神需求与较差的健康状况有关，并威胁心理健康。关于特定精神需求如何因文化而异，人们知之甚少。
进行了一项定量、横断面、观察性的跨文化比较。
本研究按照 STROBE 指南进行准备。采用便利抽样法从韩国和南加州的门诊诊所招募参与者（N=202）。使用与疾病相关的精神兴趣工具（SpIRIT）测量精神需求；还使用纸质问卷评估人口统计学和疾病相关变量。使用各种参数统计检验（包括多元回归分析）分析数据。
研究结果量化了患有 Advance 慢性疾病的人经历的精神需求的强度和类型。此外，研究结果表明，韩国和美国宗教多样化样本的精神需求存在差异。研究结果还表明，自我报告的灵性和宗教信仰独立解释了精神需求的很大一部分差异。
在两个样本中，都报告了精神需求，并与灵性和宗教信仰相关。尽管 SpIRIT 评估的精神需求的八个领域都与韩国和美国样本有关，但它们的优先级不同。
筛查患者以确定灵性或宗教信仰对他们有多重要，可能有助于临床医生将他们的深入评估集中在报告高水平灵性或宗教信仰的患者身上，因为这些患者可能会经历最强烈的精神需求。SpIRIT 作为一种衡量不同精神需求的工具具有潜力。
