Department of Clinical and Molecular Parasitology, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, Egypt.
Parasitol Res. 2024 Jul 24;123(7):286. doi: 10.1007/s00436-024-08280-4.
Despite being the initial choice for treating toxoplasmosis, sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine have limited effectiveness in eliminating the infection and were linked to a variety of adverse effects. Therefore, the search for new effective therapeutic strategies against toxoplasmosis is still required. The current work is the first research to assess the efficacy of spiramycin-loaded maltodextrin nanoparticles (SPM-loaded MNPs) as a novel alternative drug therapy against toxoplasmosis in a murine model. Fifty laboratory-bred Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups: normal control group (GI, n = 10), positive control group (GII, n = 10), orally treated with spiramycin (SPM) alone (GIII, n = 10), intranasal treated with SPM-loaded MNPs (GIV, n = 10), and orally treated with SPM-loaded MNPs (GV, n = 10). Cysts of Toxoplasma gondii ME-49 strain were used to infect the mice. Tested drugs were administered 2 months after the infection. Drug efficacy was assessed by counting brain cysts, histopathological examination, and measures of serum CD19 by flow cytometer. The orally treated group with SPM-loaded MNPs (GV) showed a marked reduction of brain cyst count (88.7%), histopathological improvement changes, and an increasing mean level of CD19 (80.2%) with significant differences. SPM-loaded MNPs showed potent therapeutic effects against chronic toxoplasmosis. Further research should be conducted to assess it in the treatment of human toxoplasmosis, especially during pregnancy.
尽管磺胺嘧啶和乙胺嘧啶最初是治疗弓形虫病的首选药物，但它们在消除感染方面的效果有限，并且与多种不良反应有关。因此，仍然需要寻找新的有效的弓形虫病治疗策略。目前的工作是首次评估螺旋霉素载麦芽糊精纳米粒（SPM-载 MNPs）作为一种新型替代药物治疗弓形虫病的疗效的研究，该研究在小鼠模型中进行。五十只实验室饲养的瑞士白化病小鼠被分为五组：正常对照组（GI，n=10）、阳性对照组（GII，n=10）、单独口服螺旋霉素（SPM）组（GIII，n=10）、鼻腔内给予 SPM-载 MNPs 组（GIV，n=10）和口服 SPM-载 MNPs 组（GV，n=10）。用弓形虫 ME-49 株的包囊感染小鼠。在感染后 2 个月给予测试药物。通过计数脑囊、组织病理学检查和流式细胞仪测量血清 CD19 来评估药物疗效。口服 SPM-载 MNPs 组（GV）的脑囊计数显著减少（88.7%），组织病理学改善变化，以及 CD19 的平均水平增加（80.2%），差异具有统计学意义。SPM-载 MNPs 对慢性弓形虫病具有强大的治疗作用。应进一步研究其在人类弓形虫病，特别是妊娠期的治疗中的作用。
