School of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
Dis Model Mech. 2024 Jul 1;17(7). doi: 10.1242/dmm.050799. Epub 2024 Jul 25.
All living organisms - from single-celled prokaryotes through to invertebrates and humans - are frequently exposed to numerous challenges during their lifetime, which could damage their molecular and cellular contents and threaten their survival. Nevertheless, these diverse organisms are, on the whole, remarkably resilient to potential threats. Recent years have seen rapid advances in our mechanistic understanding of this emerging phenomenon of biological resilience, which enables cells, tissues and whole organisms to bounce back from challenges or stress. In this At a Glance article, I discuss current knowledge on the diverse molecular mechanisms driving biological resilience across scales, with particular focus on its dynamic and adaptive nature. I highlight emerging evidence that loss of biological resilience could underly numerous pathologies, including age-related frailty and degenerative disease. Finally, I present the multi-disciplinary experimental approaches that are helping to unravel the causal mechanisms of resilience and how this emerging knowledge could be harnessed therapeutically in the clinic.
所有生物体——从单细胞原核生物到无脊椎动物和人类——在其一生中经常会面临许多挑战，这些挑战可能会破坏它们的分子和细胞内容物，并威胁到它们的生存。然而，这些不同的生物体在整体上对潜在威胁具有很强的适应能力。近年来，我们对生物弹性这一新兴现象的机制理解取得了迅速进展，使细胞、组织和整个生物体能够从挑战或压力中恢复过来。在这篇概览文章中，我讨论了目前关于驱动生物弹性的多种分子机制的知识，特别关注其动态和适应性本质。我强调了新出现的证据表明，生物弹性的丧失可能是许多病理学的基础，包括与年龄相关的虚弱和退行性疾病。最后，我提出了多学科的实验方法，这些方法有助于揭示弹性的因果机制，以及如何在临床上利用这一新兴知识进行治疗。
