Structural Biology of Molecular Machines Group, Protein Structure & Function Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Structural Biology of Molecular Machines Group, Protein Structure & Function Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2024 Oct;88:102884. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2024.102884. Epub 2024 Jul 24.
Ion-driven membrane motors, essential across all domains of life, convert a gradient of ions across a membrane into rotational energy, facilitating diverse biological processes including ATP synthesis, substrate transport, and bacterial locomotion. Herein, we highlight recent structural advances in the understanding of two classes of ion-driven membrane motors: rotary ATPases and 5:2 motors. The recent structure of the human F-type ATP synthase is emphasised along with the gained structural insight into clinically relevant mutations. Furthermore, we highlight the diverse roles of 5:2 motors and recent mechanistic understanding gained through the resolution of ions in the structure of a sodium-driven motor, combining insights into potential unifying mechanisms of ion selectivity and rotational torque generation in the context of their function as part of complex biological systems.
离子驱动的膜马达在所有生命领域都是必不可少的，它们将膜两侧的离子梯度转化为旋转能量，促进多种生物过程，包括 ATP 合成、底物运输和细菌运动。在此，我们重点介绍了两类离子驱动的膜马达——旋转 ATP 酶和 5:2 马达——在理解方面的最新结构进展。强调了人类 F 型 ATP 合酶的最新结构，以及对临床相关突变的结构洞察。此外，我们还强调了 5:2 马达的多种作用，以及通过解析钠离子驱动马达结构中离子获得的最新机械理解，结合了离子选择性和旋转扭矩产生的潜在统一机制的见解，这些机制是它们作为复杂生物系统的一部分发挥功能的背景下。
