Visser G H, Laurini R N, de Vries J I, Bekedam D J, Prechtl H F
Early Hum Dev. 1985 Nov;12(2):173-82. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(85)90180-x.
In eight anencephalic fetuses ultrasound observations of movement patterns were made and correlated with the morphological findings at postmortem. In all fetuses the movements were qualitatively abnormal: they were forceful, jerky in character and of large amplitude. In some of the most defective cases classification of the movements was hardly possible as they showed little similarity to those observed in normal fetuses. In these cases movements tended to occur in burst-pause patterns in contrast to being scattered over the record. Excessive activity occurred also only in the more defective cases. In fetuses with no evident cervical cord present isolated arm movements were observed. Fetal lung hypoplasia occurred as early as 16 weeks and in a fetus which showed both hiccups and breathing movements. It is concluded that with a severely defective fetal central nervous system, already in the first half of pregnancy movement patterns are abnormal. This abnormality mainly concerns the quality of the different movements. Secondly, movements can occur despite severe reduction in the amount and alteration in the organisation of the fetal central nervous system.
对8例无脑儿胎儿进行了运动模式的超声观察，并与死后的形态学发现进行了关联。在所有胎儿中，运动在性质上都是异常的：它们有力、急促且幅度大。在一些缺陷最严重的病例中，几乎无法对运动进行分类，因为它们与正常胎儿中观察到的运动几乎没有相似之处。在这些病例中，运动倾向于以爆发-暂停模式出现，而不是分散在记录中。过度活动也仅发生在缺陷更严重的病例中。在没有明显颈髓的胎儿中，观察到孤立的手臂运动。胎儿肺发育不全早在16周时就出现了，并且在一个既出现打嗝又出现呼吸运动的胎儿中也有发现。得出的结论是，胎儿中枢神经系统严重缺陷时，在妊娠前半期运动模式就已经异常。这种异常主要涉及不同运动的质量。其次，尽管胎儿中枢神经系统的数量严重减少且组织发生改变，但运动仍可能发生。
