State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Dec 5;335:118616. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118616. Epub 2024 Jul 23.
Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (called Shaoyao in China) is a common herb cultivated all over the world. In some Asian and European countries, such as China, Japan, South Korea and Britain, P. lactiflora has a long history of ethnomedical uses, which is widely used to relieve pain, treat gynecological diseases, anti-infection and so on. It is attributed to the extensive pharmacological activities of total glucosides of P. lactiflora. Up to now, it is still commonly used in clinical medicine.
The paper aims to make a comprehensive review on the botanical characterization and distribution, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, biosynthesis pathway, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and quality control of P. lactiflora, so as to provide new insights and scientific evidence for the subsequent research.
The information of P. lactiflora was obtained from books related to traditional Chinese medicine and electronic databases, including Scifinder, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Google Scholar.
P. lactiflora is a kind of herb with a long history and it is used for medicine, food and ornamental, and shows high utilization value. There are 200 compounds have been identified from it, including terpenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, organic acids and others, among those paeoniflorin, a monoterpenoid glycoside, has multiple activities and is currently the focus of pharmacological research. A great deal of pharmacological experiments supported the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antibacterial, antitumor, dermatosis treating and other effects of P. lactiflora. In addition, evaluating the quality of P. lactiflora is essential to safe use of drug in humans.
The chemical components of P. lactiflora are diverse and have a wide range of activities. Modern pharmacological studies have provided reliable evidence for the traditional efficacy, such as suppressing liver yang, regulating menstruation and relieving pain. However, there are still some problems to be solved, such as part of the pharmacological mechanism has not been clarified and the biosynthetic pathway of cage-like monoterpenoids remains poorly defined. In addition, further studies on compounds other than paeoniflorin are clearly warranted. It is hoped that P. lactiflora will serve the clinic better in the future.
牡丹皮（在中国称为芍药）是一种在世界各地广泛种植的常见草药。在中国、日本、韩国和英国等一些亚洲和欧洲国家，牡丹皮具有悠久的民族医学用途历史，广泛用于缓解疼痛、治疗妇科疾病、抗感染等。这归因于牡丹皮总苷的广泛药理活性。直到现在，它在临床医学中仍被广泛使用。
本文旨在对牡丹皮的植物特征和分布、民族药理学、植物化学、生物合成途径、药理学、药代动力学和质量控制进行全面综述，为后续研究提供新的见解和科学依据。
从与中药相关的书籍和电子数据库（包括 Scifinder、PubMed、Web of Science、CNKI 和 Google Scholar）中获取牡丹皮的信息。
牡丹皮是一种历史悠久的草药，可用于药用、食用和观赏，具有很高的利用价值。从其中已鉴定出 200 种化合物，包括萜类、黄酮类、多酚类、有机酸等，其中芍药苷，一种单萜糖苷，具有多种活性，是目前药理学研究的重点。大量的药理实验支持牡丹皮具有抗炎、抗氧化、保肝、神经保护、抗菌、抗肿瘤、皮肤病治疗等作用。此外，评估牡丹皮的质量对于人类安全用药至关重要。
牡丹皮的化学成分多样，活性广泛。现代药理学研究为其传统功效（如抑制肝阳、调经止痛）提供了可靠的证据。然而，仍存在一些问题需要解决，如部分药理机制尚未阐明，笼状单萜类生物合成途径仍不清楚。此外，显然需要进一步研究芍药苷以外的化合物。希望牡丹皮在未来能更好地为临床服务。
