Graduate Program of Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology of the State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil.
Graduate Program of Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology of the State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil.
Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2024 Jul;897:503771. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2024.503771. Epub 2024 May 27.
The herbicide glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine) efficiently eliminates weeds, is frequently present in surface waters, and may damage the health of various non-target organisms. The main objective of this study was to investigate cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in erythrocytes, DNA, and chromosomes of native South American fish Astyanax lacustris exposed to a glyphosate-based commercial herbicide Templo®. The presenty study evaluated the presence of micronuclei (MN), chromosomal aberrations (CA), DNA damage revealed by comet assay, and cellular morphological changes (CMC) as biomarkers. The A. lacustris specimens were exposed to Templo® for 96 h at concentrations below the permitted Brazilian legislation for freshwater environments. The glyphosate-based herbicide caused MN formation, an increased incidence of CA, DNA damage, and several types of CMC in all tested concentrations on A. lacustris. Notably, analyses were significant (p<0.05) for all concentrations, except in the frequency mean of MN at 3.7 µg/L. Thus, considering the intensive use of commercial glyphosate formulations in crops, the herbicide Templo® represents a potential risk of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity for aquatic organisms. Therefore, environmental protection agencies must review regulations for glyphosate-based herbicides in freshwater environments.
除草剂草甘膦（N-（膦酸甲基）甘氨酸）能有效地除草，经常出现在地表水，可能会损害各种非目标生物的健康。本研究的主要目的是研究暴露于草甘膦基商业除草剂 Templo®的南美原生鱼类 Astyanax lacustris 的红细胞、DNA 和染色体的细胞毒性和遗传毒性效应。本研究评估了微核（MN）、染色体畸变（CA）、彗星试验揭示的 DNA 损伤以及细胞形态变化（CMC）作为生物标志物的存在。A. lacustris 标本在低于巴西允许的淡水环境法规的浓度下暴露于 Templo®96 小时。草甘膦基除草剂导致 MN 的形成，在所有测试浓度下，A. lacustris 的 CA、DNA 损伤和几种类型的 CMC 的发生率增加。值得注意的是，除了 3.7 µg/L 时 MN 的频率均值外，所有浓度的分析均有统计学意义（p<0.05）。因此，考虑到商业草甘膦制剂在作物中的大量使用，除草剂 Templo®代表了水生生物遗传毒性和细胞毒性的潜在风险。因此，环境保护机构必须审查淡水环境中草甘膦基除草剂的法规。
