Linares-Rodríguez Marina, Blancas Isabel, Rodríguez-Serrano Fernando
Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.
Clin Breast Cancer. 2025 Jan;25(1):e48-e55.e15. doi: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.06.016. Epub 2024 Jul 6.
Breast cancer (BC) remains a widespread disease worldwide, despite advances in its detection and treatment. microRNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in cancer, and their presence within exosomes may confer several advantages in terms of tumor initiation, propagation, immune evasion, and drug resistance compared to freely circulating miRNAs in the blood. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to analyze the role of exosomal miRNAs present in serum or plasma as biomarkers in BC. Bibliographic sources were collected from various databases with no starting date limit until March 2023. The search terms used were related to "breast cancer," "microRNAs," and "exosomes." Following the search, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in a total of 46 articles. Data were extracted from the selected studies and summarized to indicate the miRNAs, type of dysregulation, sample source, number of patients and controls, and clinical relevance of the miRNAs. We carried out an enrichment study of the microRNAs that appeared in at least 3 studies, those that were suitable for selection were miR-16, miR-21 and miR-155. Exosomal miRNAs isolated from blood samples of patients diagnosed with BC could be valuable in the clinical setting. They could provide information about early diagnosis, disease progression, recurrence, treatment response, and metastases. It is crucial to reach a consensus on the specific exosomal miRNAs to detect and the most appropriate type of sample for comprehensive utilization of miRNAs as biomarkers for BC.
尽管在乳腺癌（BC）的检测和治疗方面取得了进展，但它在全球范围内仍然是一种广泛存在的疾病。微小RNA（miRNA）在癌症中发挥着重要作用，与血液中自由循环的miRNA相比，其在外泌体中的存在可能在肿瘤起始、增殖、免疫逃逸和耐药性方面具有若干优势。本研究的目的是进行一项系统综述，以分析血清或血浆中外泌体miRNA作为BC生物标志物的作用。从各种数据库收集文献来源，截止日期为2023年3月，无起始日期限制。使用的检索词与“乳腺癌”、“微小RNA”和“外泌体”相关。检索后，应用纳入和排除标准，最终共纳入46篇文章。从选定的研究中提取数据并进行总结，以表明miRNA、失调类型、样本来源、患者和对照数量以及miRNA的临床相关性。我们对至少在3项研究中出现的miRNA进行了富集研究，适合入选的是miR-16、miR-21和miR-155。从被诊断为BC的患者血液样本中分离出的外泌体miRNA在临床环境中可能具有重要价值。它们可以提供有关早期诊断、疾病进展、复发、治疗反应和转移的信息。就检测特定的外泌体miRNA以及将miRNA作为BC生物标志物进行综合利用的最合适样本类型达成共识至关重要。
