Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Jul 25;24(1):1987. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19517-3.
The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) should be a culture of a workplace, and deeply rooted in worker behavior and attitude during their practice. According to the recent studies only 64% of the workers use PPE properly. The present study aims to investigate the utilization of PPE among workers in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and its relationship with knowledge, attitude, performance, and safety culture among workers.
This cross-sectional study was carried out using a questionnaire tool across SMEs in Kashan city in year 2023. The used tool included three questionnaires: demographic, safety culture, and knowledge, attitude and performance. Study papulation was 529 SMEs. Totally, the sample size was 369 persons and questionnaires were distributed among the workers of SMEs. Finally, SPSS software was used for statistical analysis and structural equation modeling. Various statistical tests including T-Test, ANOVA, RMSEA, CFI, TLI, and the chi-square ratio were employed.
The mean values (standard deviation) of age and work experience were 35.19 (12.33), and 15.60 (1.69) years, respectively. Among the 369 participants, 267 participants (72.4%) indicated that they use some PPE, although not all types. However, 102 individuals (27.7%) do not employ any PPE. The lowest score for safety culture dimension was attributed to safety training at 1.58. The results of the final model indicate that the assumed relationships between variables, as outlined in the study objectives, were well established, with all connections proving statistically significant.
It can be concluded that the missing of inadequate legal supervision for small industries exists. Therefore, it can be inferred that if supervision and regulation are enhanced for safety training and implementation that may lead to increased usage of PPE.
个人防护设备（PPE）的使用应该成为工作场所的一种文化，并且深深地扎根于工人在实践中的行为和态度中。根据最近的研究，只有 64%的工人正确使用 PPE。本研究旨在调查中小企业（SMEs）工人中 PPE 的使用情况及其与工人知识、态度、绩效和安全文化的关系。
本横断面研究使用问卷工具在 2023 年对卡尚市的中小企业进行了调查。使用的工具包括三份问卷：人口统计学、安全文化以及知识、态度和绩效。研究人群为 529 家中小企业。总共，样本量为 369 人，问卷分发给中小企业的工人。最后，使用 SPSS 软件进行统计分析和结构方程建模。采用了 T 检验、方差分析、RMSEA、CFI、TLI 和卡方比等各种统计检验。
年龄和工作经验的平均值（标准差）分别为 35.19（12.33）和 15.60（1.69）年。在 369 名参与者中，有 267 名（72.4%）表示他们使用了一些 PPE，尽管不是所有类型。然而，有 102 人（27.7%）不使用任何 PPE。安全文化维度的最低得分为 1.58，这归因于安全培训。最终模型的结果表明，研究目标中概述的变量之间的假定关系得到了很好的建立，所有连接都具有统计学意义。
可以得出结论，对小型企业的法律监督存在缺失和不足。因此，可以推断，如果加强对安全培训和实施的监督和监管，可能会导致更多地使用 PPE。
