Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Department of Midwifery, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, and Psychomotor Therapy, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2024 Aug;34(8):e14703. doi: 10.1111/sms.14703.
The primary aims of this study were to examine the effects of 9 weeks of aerobic training, comprising three 30-min sessions per week, on V̇O, inhibitory control, and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels among adolescents aged 16-19 years.
One hundred twenty-one untrained or recreationally active adolescents from a Danish high school were enrolled in the study, with 58 females (17.8 ± 0.8 years) and 27 males (18.0 ± 0.9 years) completing it. Participants were randomly divided into three groups performing aerobic training at either moderate-intensity (MIT: 60%-70% heart rate reserve [HRR]) or high-intensity (HIT: 80%-100% HRR) or a passive control group (CON) continuing their habitual lifestyle. Both the training groups exercised for 3×30 min per week for 9 weeks using a combination of cycling and running. Before and after the intervention period maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O) and the primary outcomes (inhibitory control measured by a modified flanker task, and resting plasma levels of BDNF) were evaluated.
After the intervention period, the HIT group demonstrated a larger increase in V̇O compared to both the CON and MIT groups, while no significant effects were observed on inhibitory control or plasma BDNF levels in any training group. However, compared to the CON group, the HIT group exhibited a tendency for greater improvement in the flanker interference score (accuracy), attributable to enhanced accuracy on the incongruent stimuli from pre to post.
Aerobic training in adolescents increased cardiorespiratory fitness in an intensity-dependent manner, but no clear effects were observed on neither inhibitory control nor resting plasma BDNF levels.
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02075944.
本研究的主要目的是检验 9 周有氧运动训练对 16-19 岁青少年的摄氧量（V̇O）、抑制控制以及血浆脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）水平的影响。
本研究招募了 121 名来自丹麦一所高中的未训练或有规律运动的青少年，其中女性 58 名（17.8±0.8 岁），男性 27 名（18.0±0.9 岁）。参与者被随机分为三组，分别进行中等强度（MIT：60%-70%心率储备[HRR]）、高强度（HIT：80%-100% HRR）或被动对照组（CON）的有氧运动训练。训练组均采用结合骑车和跑步的方式每周进行 3 次，每次 30 分钟，共 9 周。在干预前后，评估了最大摄氧量（V̇O）和主要结局（通过改良的侧抑制任务评估的抑制控制以及静息血浆 BDNF 水平）。
干预后，与 CON 和 MIT 组相比，HIT 组的 V̇O 增加更为明显，而在任何训练组中，抑制控制或血浆 BDNF 水平均未观察到显著变化。然而，与 CON 组相比，HIT 组在侧抑制干扰评分（准确性）上表现出更大的改善趋势，这归因于对前测到后测时不一致刺激的准确性提高。
青少年的有氧运动训练以强度依赖的方式提高了心肺适能，但对抑制控制或静息血浆 BDNF 水平没有明显影响。
ClinicalTrials.gov：NCT02075944。
