Lee Chang Dae, Koontz Alicia M, Cooper Rosemarie, Sivakanthan Sivashankar, Chernicoff William, Brunswick Allison, Deepak Nikitha, Kulich Hailee R, LaFerrier Justin, Lopes Celia R, Collins Nicole L, Dicianno Brad E, Cooper Rory A
Human Engineering Research Laboratories, Department of Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Department of Rehabilitation Science and Technology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Transp Res Rec. 2023 Aug 3;2678(5):271-287. doi: 10.1177/03611981231188730.
This study aimed to apply a journey mapping methodology to identify travel considerations and barriers for people with disabilities (PWDs) at each travel stage, from considering a trip through to arriving at the destination for their current modes of transportation, with the objective of understanding and avoiding "pain points" during a transition to autonomous driving systems. Twenty PWDs, including those with physical, visual, aural, cognitive, and combined physical/visual impairments, participated in a semistructured one-on-one interview. Descriptive statistics were used for demographic information, and qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the transcribed interviews and extract themes. Themes were further organized by the modes of transportation used. The top four themes in considering and planning a trip were third-party assistance availability (private vehicle, public transportation, and paratransit), finding an accessible or suitable parking space (private vehicle), access to a service location (public transportation and paratransit), and transportation schedules (public transportation and paratransit). The top four travel barriers to locating, entering, riding, and exiting transportation and arriving at the destination were vehicle ingress/egress (private vehicle and public transportation), concerns about wheelchair securement (public transportation and paratransit), requiring third-party assistance (private vehicle and public transportation), and accessibility to service locations (public transportation). The study suggests that to mitigate travel considerations and barriers for PWDs, vehicle-specific barriers and infrastructure issues should be addressed simultaneously. We anticipate that the findings will provide insights into the design and development of autonomous vehicles, to better accommodate the needs of PWDs.
本研究旨在应用行程映射方法，识别残疾人在从考虑出行到乘坐当前交通方式抵达目的地的每个出行阶段的出行考量因素和障碍，目的是了解并避免向自动驾驶系统过渡期间的“痛点”。20名残疾人参与了一对一的半结构化访谈，其中包括身体、视觉、听觉、认知以及身体/视觉综合受损的残疾人。描述性统计用于人口统计学信息，定性内容分析用于分析访谈转录内容并提取主题。主题进一步按所使用的交通方式进行组织。在考虑和规划行程时，前四大主题是第三方协助的可获得性（私家车、公共交通和辅助公交）、找到无障碍或合适的停车位（私家车）、前往服务地点的便利性（公共交通和辅助公交）以及交通时刻表（公共交通和辅助公交）。在定位、进入、乘坐、离开交通工具并抵达目的地过程中，前四大出行障碍是车辆的进出（私家车和公共交通）、对轮椅固定的担忧（公共交通和辅助公交）、需要第三方协助（私家车和公共交通）以及前往服务地点的可达性（公共交通）。该研究表明，为减轻残疾人的出行考量因素和障碍，应同时解决特定于车辆的障碍和基础设施问题。我们预计这些研究结果将为自动驾驶车辆的设计和开发提供见解，以更好地满足残疾人的需求。
