Gebreziher Leteslase Hagos, Beyene Melak Gedamu, Mekonnen Desalew, Baye Assefa Mulu
Adigrat University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, PO Box 50, Adigrat, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, PO Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev. 2024 Jul 4;22:200308. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200308. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Hypertension (HTN) is the commonest comorbidity among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Uncontrolled HTN is a major risk factor for several diseases. This study aimed to determine the magnitude and predictors of uncontrolled HTN among T2DM patients.
A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among hypertensive from September 19, 2021 to 17 December 2021. Logistic regression model was conducted to identify predictors of uncontrolled HTN. Uncontrolled BP was defined by systolic BP of ≥130 mmHg and/or diastolic BP of ≥80 mmHg.
A total of 400 study participants were included in the analysis, of which 208 (52 %) were females. The mean age of the participants was 60.6 with SD of 10.25 years. The target blood pressure achieved in 156 (39 %) of participants. Age, non-adherence to medications (OR; 2.0; 95 % CI: 1.1-3.6; P = 0.02), not reducing dietary salt (OR; 2.4; 95 % CI: 1.5-3.8; P < 0.001), uncontrolled blood sugar (OR:2.4; 95 % CI: 1.4-4.3; P = 0.002), obesity (OR; 3.2; 95 % CI:1.2-8.7; P = 0.03) and having every fourth month and above follow up (OR; 2.3; 95 % CI:1.3-4.3; P = 0.049) were significantly associated with uncontrolled blood pressure.
The target blood pressure achieved was suboptimal. Hypertensive T2DM patients who were younger, non-adherent to their medications, not reducing dietary salt, obese, with a longer frequency of follow-up, and with poor glycemic control were more likely to have uncontrolled blood pressure. Improving medication adherence, dietary salt reduction, frequent follow up and glycemic control are important to control hypertension.
高血压（HTN）是2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中最常见的合并症。未控制的高血压是多种疾病的主要危险因素。本研究旨在确定T2DM患者中未控制高血压的严重程度及预测因素。
于2021年9月19日至2021年12月17日对高血压患者进行了一项多中心横断面研究。采用逻辑回归模型确定未控制高血压的预测因素。血压未控制的定义为收缩压≥130 mmHg和/或舒张压≥80 mmHg。
共有400名研究参与者纳入分析，其中208名（52%）为女性。参与者的平均年龄为60.6岁，标准差为10.25岁。156名（39%）参与者达到了目标血压。年龄、不坚持服药（比值比[OR]：2.0；95%置信区间[CI]：1.1 - 3.6；P = 0.02）、不减少饮食中的盐摄入（OR：2.4；95% CI：1.5 - 3.8；P < 0.001）、血糖未控制（OR：2.4；95% CI：1.4 - 4.3；P = 0.002）、肥胖（OR：3.2；95% CI：1.2 - 8.7；P = 0.03）以及每四个月及以上进行一次随访（OR：2.3；95% CI：1.3 - 4.3；P = 0.049）与血压未控制显著相关。
所达到的目标血压未达最佳水平。年龄较轻、不坚持服药、不减少饮食中的盐摄入、肥胖、随访频率较高且血糖控制不佳的高血压T2DM患者更有可能血压未得到控制。提高药物依从性、减少饮食中的盐摄入、频繁随访和控制血糖对于控制高血压很重要。
