Pandit Pratyaksha, Kumari Reema, Tripathi Adarsh, Mishra Prabhakar
Dept. of Community Medicine and Public Health, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Dept. of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Indian J Psychol Med. 2024 Jul;46(4):338-343. doi: 10.1177/02537176231225838. Epub 2024 Feb 6.
The transitional state between normal aging and dementia is known as Cognitive impairment (CI) where a person has memory complaints and objective evidence of CI but no evidence of dementia. With the globe undergoing a "demographic transition," the magnitude of neurodegenerative disorders is rising. In India, 27.3% of older persons with comorbidities had CI. Early identification of CI will likely help initiate proper remedial intervention, leading to better overall outcomes. In order to determine the prevalence of CI in older persons and whether it is associated with co-morbid conditions, this study was designed.
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 older adults aged ≥60 residing in rural areas of Lucknow, selected using multistage cluster sampling. The Hindi Mental State Examination (HMSE) scale was used to assess cognitive function. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidity status.
Among 350 participants, with mean ± SD age 70.66 ± 9.53 years, the prevalence of CI as per HMSE (<23) was 24.9%. Overall, the mean HMSE score was less in individuals with (25.2) than without (27.19) comorbidities. Those with comorbidities had significantly lower mean scores in all individual domains of HMSE.
CI affects one-fourth of the older adult population. Risk increases with the presence of comorbidities. Hence, screening, and early treatment are recommended.
正常衰老与痴呆之间的过渡状态被称为认知障碍（CI），即一个人有记忆方面的主诉以及认知障碍的客观证据，但没有痴呆的证据。随着全球经历“人口结构转变”，神经退行性疾病的规模正在上升。在印度，27.3%患有合并症的老年人存在认知障碍。早期识别认知障碍可能有助于启动适当的补救干预措施，从而带来更好的总体结果。为了确定老年人中认知障碍的患病率及其是否与合并症相关，开展了本研究。
采用多阶段整群抽样方法，对居住在勒克瑙农村地区的350名年龄≥60岁的老年人进行了描述性横断面研究。使用印地语精神状态检查（HMSE）量表评估认知功能。通过一份经过预测试的半结构化问卷收集社会人口学特征和合并症状况的信息。
在350名参与者中，平均年龄±标准差为70.66±9.53岁，根据HMSE量表（<23），认知障碍的患病率为24.9%。总体而言，有合并症的个体（25.2）的平均HMSE得分低于无合并症的个体（27.19）。有合并症的个体在HMSE的所有单项领域中的平均得分均显著较低。
认知障碍影响四分之一的老年人群。合并症的存在会增加风险。因此，建议进行筛查和早期治疗。
