Department of Public Health Microbiology, National Laboratory for Health, Environment, and Food, Maribor, Slovenia.
Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Med Virol. 2024 Aug;96(8):e29827. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29827.
Enterovirus (EV) infections have various symptoms and severe complications, including death. To determine EV prevalence and EV types in Slovenia, data on over 25 000 EV RNA tests for diagnostics and surveillance from 2014 to 2023 were analyzed. Altogether, 3733 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 21 297 respiratory (sentinel and clinical) samples were tested for EV RNA. EV typing was performed on all residual EV-positive CSF samples and on subset of respiratory specimens. Altogether, 1238 samples tested positive for EV RNA: 238 (6.4%) CSF and 1000 (4.7%) respiratory samples. EV-positive patients were predominantly male (p < 0.001). Many EV-positive CSF samples were from infants under 3 months (33.1%), whereas most EV-positive respiratory samples were from children 1 to 2 years old (49.2%). Echovirus 30 (E-30) was most frequent in CSF (33.0%), followed by CV-B5 (13.8%) and E-6 (13.8%). CV-A6 was most frequent in respiratory samples (16.0%), followed by EV-D68 (7.6%) and CV-A5 (7.4%). EV types in CSF and respiratory samples show diverse dynamics, with some outbreaks indicated. A significant difference was found in the EV detection rate between CSF and respiratory samples by age. Various EV types were characterized, showing that some EV types are more neurotropic or cause more severe infections.
肠道病毒（EV）感染有多种症状和严重并发症，包括死亡。为了确定斯洛文尼亚的 EV 流行率和 EV 类型，分析了 2014 年至 2023 年用于诊断和监测的超过 25000 份 EV RNA 检测数据。总共对 3733 份脑脊液（CSF）和 21297 份呼吸道（哨点和临床）样本进行了 EV RNA 检测。对所有残留的 EV 阳性 CSF 样本和部分呼吸道标本进行了 EV 分型。总共 1238 份样本的 EV RNA 检测呈阳性：238 份 CSF（6.4%）和 1000 份呼吸道样本（4.7%）。EV 阳性患者主要为男性（p<0.001）。许多 EV 阳性 CSF 样本来自 3 个月以下的婴儿（33.1%），而大多数 EV 阳性呼吸道样本来自 1 至 2 岁的儿童（49.2%）。E-30 在 CSF 中最为常见（33.0%），其次是 CV-B5（13.8%）和 E-6（13.8%）。CV-A6 在呼吸道样本中最为常见（16.0%），其次是 EV-D68（7.6%）和 CV-A5（7.4%）。CSF 和呼吸道样本中的 EV 类型显示出不同的动态变化，表明存在一些暴发。按年龄划分，CSF 和呼吸道样本的 EV 检出率存在显著差异。不同的 EV 类型具有不同的特征，表明某些 EV 类型具有更强的神经嗜性或引起更严重的感染。
