Sherwin William B
Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological Earth and Environmental Science, UNSW-Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Biology (Basel). 2024 Jul 8;13(7):507. doi: 10.3390/biology13070507.
Many people wonder whether biology, including humans, will benefit or experience harm from new developments in information such as artificial intelligence (AI). Here, it is proposed that biological and non-biological information might be components of a unified process, 'Panevolution' or 'Pan-Evo', based on four basic operations-innovation, transmission, adaptation, and movement. Pan-Evo contains many types of variable objects, from molecules to ecosystems. Biological innovation includes mutations and behavioural changes; non-biological innovation includes naturally occurring physical innovations and innovation in software. Replication is commonplace in and outside biology, including autocatalytic chemicals and autonomous software replication. Adaptation includes biological selection, autocatalytic chemicals, and 'evolutionary programming', which is used in AI. The extension of biological speciation to non-biological information creates a concept called 'Panspeciation'. Panevolution might benefit or harm biology, but the harm might be minimal if AI and humans behave intelligently because humans and the machines in which an AI resides might split into vastly different environments that suit them. That is a possible example of Panspeciation and would be the first speciation event involving humans for thousands of years. This event will not be particularly hostile to humans if humans learn to evaluate information and cooperate better to minimise both human stupidity and artificial simulated stupidity (ASS-a failure of AI).
许多人想知道包括人类在内的生物学是否会从人工智能(AI)等信息新发展中受益或受到伤害。在此,有人提出基于创新、传播、适应和移动这四种基本操作,生物信息和非生物信息可能是一个统一过程“泛进化”或“泛演化”的组成部分。泛演化包含从分子到生态系统等多种类型的可变对象。生物创新包括突变和行为变化;非生物创新包括自然发生的物理创新和软件创新。复制在生物学内外都很常见,包括自催化化学物质和自主软件复制。适应包括生物选择、自催化化学物质以及人工智能中使用的“进化编程”。将生物物种形成扩展到非生物信息产生了一个名为“泛物种形成”的概念。泛进化可能对生物学有益或有害,但如果人工智能和人类表现得明智,危害可能最小,因为人类和人工智能所在的机器可能会分裂到适合它们的截然不同的环境中。这是泛物种形成的一个可能例子,并且将是数千年来涉及人类的首次物种形成事件。如果人类学会评估信息并更好地合作以尽量减少人类愚蠢和人工模拟愚蠢(人工智能失败),这一事件对人类不会特别不利。