Tian Yibin, Wen Ming, Lu Dajiang, Zhong Xiaopin, Wu Zongze
College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Guangdong Digital Economy and Artificial Intelligence Lab., Shenzhen 518060, China.
Biomimetics (Basel). 2024 Jul 10;9(7):422. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics9070422.
The concept of Image Phase Congruency (IPC) is deeply rooted in the way the human visual system interprets and processes spatial frequency information. It plays an important role in visual perception, influencing our capacity to identify objects, recognize textures, and decipher spatial relationships in our environments. IPC is robust to changes in lighting, contrast, and other variables that might modify the amplitude of light waves yet leave their relative phase unchanged. This characteristic is vital for perceptual tasks as it ensures the consistent detection of features regardless of fluctuations in illumination or other environmental factors. It can also impact cognitive and emotional responses; cohesive phase information across elements fosters a perception of unity or harmony, while inconsistencies can engender a sense of discord or tension. In this survey, we begin by examining the evidence from biological vision studies suggesting that IPC is employed by the human perceptual system. We proceed to outline the typical mathematical representation and different computational approaches to IPC. We then summarize the extensive applications of IPC in computer vision, including denoise, image quality assessment, feature detection and description, image segmentation, image registration, image fusion, and object detection, among other uses, and illustrate its advantages with a number of examples. Finally, we discuss the current challenges associated with the practical applications of IPC and potential avenues for enhancement.
图像相位一致性（IPC）的概念深深植根于人类视觉系统解释和处理空间频率信息的方式。它在视觉感知中起着重要作用，影响着我们识别物体、辨别纹理以及解读环境中空间关系的能力。IPC对于光照、对比度和其他可能改变光波幅度但保持其相对相位不变的变量变化具有鲁棒性。这一特性对于感知任务至关重要，因为它确保了无论光照或其他环境因素如何波动，都能一致地检测到特征。它还会影响认知和情绪反应；元素间连贯的相位信息会促进统一或和谐的感知，而不一致则会产生不和谐或紧张感。在本次综述中，我们首先考察来自生物视觉研究的证据，这些证据表明IPC被人类感知系统所采用。接着我们概述IPC的典型数学表示和不同的计算方法。然后我们总结IPC在计算机视觉中的广泛应用，包括去噪、图像质量评估、特征检测与描述、图像分割、图像配准、图像融合以及目标检测等其他用途，并通过一些示例说明其优势。最后，我们讨论与IPC实际应用相关的当前挑战以及潜在的改进途径。
