Gazzini Sandra, Cerullo Raffaele, Soloperto Davide
Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Division of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Treviso, 31100 Treviso, Italy.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Jul 1;46(7):6757-6768. doi: 10.3390/cimb46070403.
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a benign disease of the upper aerodigestive tract caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11. The clinical course is unpredictable and some patients, especially younger children, experience a high rate of recurrence with a significant impact on their quality of life. The molecular mechanisms of HPV infection in keratinocytes have been extensively studied throughout the years, with particular regard to its role in causing malignant tumors, like cervical cancer and head and neck carcinomas. A minor but not negligible amount of the literature has investigated the molecular landscape of RRP patients, and some papers have studied the role of angiogenesis (the growth of blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature) in this disease. A central role in this process is played by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which activates different signaling cascades on multiple levels. The increased knowledge has led to the introduction of the VEGF inhibitor bevacizumab in recent years as an adjuvant treatment in some patients, with good results. This review summarizes the current evidence about the role of VEGF in the pathophysiology of RRP, the molecular pathways activated by binding with its receptors, and the current and future roles of anti-angiogenic treatment.
复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病（RRP）是一种由6型和11型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）引起的上呼吸道消化道良性疾病。其临床病程不可预测，一些患者，尤其是年幼患儿，复发率很高，对其生活质量有重大影响。多年来，人们对HPV在角质形成细胞中的感染分子机制进行了广泛研究，特别是其在导致恶性肿瘤（如宫颈癌和头颈癌）中的作用。有少量但不可忽视的文献研究了RRP患者的分子状况，一些论文探讨了血管生成（从已有脉管系统生长出新血管）在该疾病中的作用。血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在这一过程中起核心作用，它在多个层面激活不同的信号级联反应。随着认识的不断深入，近年来VEGF抑制剂贝伐单抗已被用于某些患者的辅助治疗，效果良好。本综述总结了目前关于VEGF在RRP病理生理学中的作用、与其受体结合所激活的分子途径以及抗血管生成治疗的当前和未来作用的证据。
