Mangoulia Polyxeni, Milionis Charalampos, Vlachou Eugenia, Ilias Ioannis
Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece.
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Elena Venizelou General Hospital, GR-11521 Athens, Greece.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Jul 22;12(14):1457. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12141457.
Diabetes mellitus is a lifelong metabolic disorder that impacts people's well-being and biopsychosocial status. Psychiatric problems and diabetes mellitus have a complex, reciprocal interaction in which one condition affects the other. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of the literature on the psychological effects of diabetes, expound on the evaluation of emotional disorders in the setting of diabetes, and suggest interventions aimed at enhancing both mental and physical health. Diabetes can make daily life complicated and stressful. Frequent blood glucose testing, taking medications on a regular basis, adhering to a tight diet plan, and exercising are some examples of the suggested daily routine of subjects with diabetes. Furthermore, comorbid diseases and typical diabetic complications can have a detrimental impact on quality of life. When mental health conditions coexist with diabetes mellitus, there is a greater likelihood of medication noncompliance, a decreased commitment to diabetes-related self-care, increased functional impairment, inadequate glycemic control, a higher risk of complications, and overall higher healthcare expenses. Thus, evaluation of the mental health status of patients with diabetes is crucial. When treating psychological issues and psychiatric disorders, a comprehensive biopsychosocial approach should be taken, and where appropriate, psychopharmacological therapies or psychotherapy should be applied. The goal of continuous education and assistance for self-care is to give individuals with the disease the information and abilities they need to control their condition over time.
糖尿病是一种终身代谢紊乱疾病，会影响人们的幸福感和生物心理社会状况。精神问题与糖尿病存在复杂的相互作用，其中一种状况会影响另一种状况。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们概述了关于糖尿病心理影响的文献，阐述了糖尿病背景下情绪障碍的评估，并提出了旨在促进身心健康的干预措施。糖尿病会使日常生活变得复杂且充满压力。频繁进行血糖检测、定期服药、严格遵守饮食计划以及锻炼，这些都是糖尿病患者建议的日常活动示例。此外，合并症和典型的糖尿病并发症会对生活质量产生不利影响。当心理健康状况与糖尿病并存时，药物治疗不依从的可能性更大，对糖尿病相关自我护理的投入减少，功能障碍增加，血糖控制不佳，并发症风险更高，以及总体医疗费用更高。因此，评估糖尿病患者的心理健康状况至关重要。在治疗心理问题和精神障碍时，应采用全面的生物心理社会方法，并在适当情况下应用心理药物治疗或心理治疗。持续的自我护理教育和援助的目标是为患有该疾病的个体提供随着时间推移控制病情所需的信息和能力。
