Fujiwara Akira, Horii Wataru, Sano Junichi, Kodama Toshiaki, Kato Atsushi, Shibuya Kazumoto, Saitoh Toshiki
Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome 198-0024, Tokyo, Japan.
Nisseiken Co., Ltd., Kobuchisawa Facility, Kamisasao, Hokuto 408-0041, Yamanashi, Japan.
Vet Sci. 2024 Jul 22;11(7):329. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11070329.
A specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken colony was maintained with successive groups a month apart in age. The absence of specific pathogens, including chicken anemia virus (CAV), was confirmed through periodic serological tests for each group. However, some groups became CAV seropositive. The procedures of removing seropositive and the adjacent seronegative chickens followed with chemically disinfecting the housing did not halt CAV outbreaks. The full genome sequence of the CAV strain that appeared was closely related to low-virulence isolates in China. The outbreaks of CAV decreased with an increase in the seropositive chicken population, indicating that the progeny is protected from CAV infection by maternal anti-CAV antibodies. The persistence of CAV in erythroid and lymphoid tissues or reproductive tissues from CAV seropositive chickens was examined in chickens of various ages using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Since a low persistence of CAV was observed in the colony, we isolated eggs from CAV seropositive hens through artificial insemination using semen collected from roosters and confirmed as CAV-free by PCR. Fertilized eggs were transferred to a new SPF facility and used for generating CAV-free progeny. To date, chickens reared in the new facility have been CAV-free for longer than two years. Redirection of eggs from seropositive hens was an effective means of eliminating CAV from chickens.
维持一个无特定病原体（SPF）鸡群，不同年龄组依次间隔一个月。通过对每组进行定期血清学检测，确认不存在包括鸡贫血病毒（CAV）在内的特定病原体。然而，一些组的鸡群CAV血清学检测呈阳性。清除血清学阳性鸡和相邻血清学阴性鸡，并对鸡舍进行化学消毒的操作，并未阻止CAV疫情的爆发。出现的CAV毒株的全基因组序列与中国的低毒力分离株密切相关。随着血清学阳性鸡群数量的增加，CAV疫情有所减少，这表明后代受到母源抗CAV抗体的保护，免受CAV感染。使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）在不同年龄的鸡中检测CAV血清学阳性鸡的红细胞、淋巴组织或生殖组织中CAV的持续性。由于在鸡群中观察到CAV的持续性较低，我们通过人工授精，使用从公鸡采集的精液，从CAV血清学阳性母鸡中分离鸡蛋，并通过PCR确认鸡蛋无CAV。将受精卵转移到新的SPF设施中，用于培育无CAV后代。迄今为止，在新设施中饲养的鸡已连续两年多无CAV。从血清学阳性母鸡重新定向获取鸡蛋是从鸡群中消除CAV的有效方法。
