Mendoza-González Celso A, Antonio-Villa Neftalí E, Contreras-Alanis Mireya B, Fernández-Sandoval María F, Castillo-Macías Jimena, Sandoval-Colin Daniel E, Vera-Chávez Jacobo S, Quiroz-Martínez Víctor A, Del Valle-Zamora Karina
Cardiología Adultos, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México.
Arch Cardiol Mex. 2024 Jul 26;94(4):480-487. doi: 10.24875/ACM.23000259.
SARS-CoV-2 infection induces an immune response that causes excessive inflammation damaging cardiac tissue and vascular endothelium. The objective of this study is to review a series of cases of hospitalized patients with pre-existing cardiac disease to describe the clinical behavior and highlight the low frequency of morbidity and mortality.
Retrospective study of 17 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 by polymerase chain reaction test or antigen test, a history of cardiovascular disease with or without comorbidities, and a history of at least one dose of the vaccine for COVID-19, during the period between December 30, 2021 and March 17, 2022 at the Ignacio Chávez National Institute of Cardiology in Mexico City.
The most frequent cardiac pathology was acute myocardial infarction (31.25%) and the most common arrhythmia was atrial fibrillation (25%). The median number of days of hospital stay was 10 days (interquartile range: 4-14). Regarding the outcomes, 94% of the patients were discharged due to clinical improvement, and only one patient died during his hospitalization.
It is crucial to continue investigating SARS-CoV-2 effects in patients pre-existing heart disease and in those with persistent symptoms after infection. This will allow the development of more effective strategies for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular complications associated with COVID-19.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染引发免疫反应，导致过度炎症，损害心脏组织和血管内皮。本研究的目的是回顾一系列患有基础心脏病的住院患者病例，以描述其临床行为，并强调低发病率和死亡率。
对2021年12月30日至2022年3月17日期间在墨西哥城伊格纳西奥·查韦斯国家心脏病学研究所确诊感染新冠病毒（COVID-19）的17例患者进行回顾性研究，这些患者有心血管疾病病史，有或无合并症，且有至少一剂COVID-19疫苗接种史。
最常见的心脏病理是急性心肌梗死（31.25%），最常见的心律失常是心房颤动（25%）。住院天数中位数为10天（四分位间距：4 - 14天）。关于结局，94%的患者因临床症状改善而出院，住院期间仅有1例患者死亡。
继续研究SARS-CoV-2对患有基础心脏病的患者以及感染后有持续症状患者的影响至关重要。这将有助于制定更有效的策略来治疗和预防与COVID-19相关的心血管并发症。
