Section for Nutrition, Exercise and Health, Department of Sports Science, Centre for Sports Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Sports Med. 2024 Nov;54(11):2865-2888. doi: 10.1007/s40279-024-02079-0. Epub 2024 Jul 26.
Over the past decade, collagen peptide (CP) supplements have received considerable attention in sports nutrition research. These supplements have shown promising results in improving personal health, enhancing athletic performance, and preventing injuries in some but not all studies.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has been conducted to investigate the effects of long-term daily collagen peptide (CP) supplementation on strength, musculotendinous adaptation, functional recovery, and body composition in healthy adults, both with and without concurrent exercise interventions over several weeks.
The PRISMA with PERSiST guidelines were followed for this systematic literature review, which was conducted in December 2023 using PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus databases. Eligible studies included healthy, normal to overweight adults over 17 years of age who engaged in exercise and daily collagen peptide (CP) supplementation for a minimum of 8 weeks (except one 3-week trial only included for maximal strength). Studies examining recovery-related outcomes were also eligible if they included a 1-week supplementation period without exercise. Methodological study quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. A random-effects model with standardized mean differences (SMD) of change scores was chosen to calculate overall effect sizes.
Nineteen studies comprising 768 participants were included in both the systematic review and meta-analysis. Results indicate statistically significant effects in favor of long-term CP intake regarding fat-free mass (FFM) (SMD 0.48, p < 0.01), tendon morphology (SMD 0.67, p < 0.01), muscle architecture (SMD 0.39, p < 0.01), maximal strength (SMD 0.19, p < 0.01), and 48 h recovery in reactive strength following exercise-induced muscle damage (SMD 0.43, p = 0.045). The GRADE approach revealed a moderate certainty of evidence for body composition, a very low certainty for tendon morphology and mechanical properties, and a low certainty for the remaining.
This systematic review and meta-analysis represents the first comprehensive investigation into the effects of long-term CP supplementation combined with regular physical training on various aspects of musculoskeletal health in adults. The findings indicate significant, though of low to moderate certainty, evidence of improvements in fat-free mass (FFM), tendon morphology, muscle mass, maximal strength, and recovery in reactive strength following exercise-induced muscle damage. However, further research is required to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these effects, particularly regarding tendon mechanical properties and short-term adaptations to collagen peptide (CP) intake without exercise, as observed in recovery outcomes. Overall, CP supplementation appears promising as a beneficial adjunct to physical training for enhancing musculoskeletal performance in adults. Open Science Framework (Registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/WCF4Y ).
在过去的十年中，胶原蛋白肽（CP）补充剂在运动营养研究中受到了相当大的关注。这些补充剂在改善个人健康、提高运动表现和预防某些但不是所有研究中的损伤方面显示出了有希望的结果。
对随机对照试验（RCT）进行系统评价和荟萃分析，以研究长期每日胶原蛋白肽（CP）补充剂对健康成年人的力量、肌腱适应、功能恢复和身体成分的影响，无论是否有伴随的运动干预，持续数周。
本系统文献综述遵循 PRISMA 与 PERSiST 指南，于 2023 年 12 月使用 PubMed、Scopus、CINAHL 和 SPORTDiscus 数据库进行。合格的研究包括年龄在 17 岁以上的健康、正常至超重成年人，他们进行了运动和每日胶原蛋白肽（CP）补充，持续至少 8 周（除了一项仅包括 3 周的试验，仅包括最大力量的补充期）。如果研究包括没有运动的 1 周补充期，则也有资格研究与恢复相关的结果。使用 PEDro 量表评估方法学研究质量。选择具有标准化均数差值（SMD）的随机效应模型来计算总体效应大小。
19 项研究共纳入 768 名参与者，同时进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。结果表明，长期 CP 摄入在以下方面具有统计学意义的效果：去脂体重（FFM）（SMD 0.48，p<0.01）、肌腱形态（SMD 0.67，p<0.01）、肌肉结构（SMD 0.39，p<0.01）、最大力量（SMD 0.19，p<0.01）和运动引起的肌肉损伤后 48 小时恢复时的反应性力量（SMD 0.43，p=0.045）。GRADE 方法表明，对身体成分的证据确定性为中等，对肌腱形态和机械性能的证据确定性为极低，对其余的证据确定性为低。
本系统评价和荟萃分析是首次全面研究长期 CP 补充剂与常规体育锻炼相结合对成年人肌肉骨骼健康各个方面的影响。研究结果表明，尽管证据确定性为低至中等，但在去脂体重（FFM）、肌腱形态、肌肉质量、最大力量和运动引起的肌肉损伤后反应性力量恢复方面，有显著但证据确定性较低的改善。然而，需要进一步的研究来充分了解这些效果的机制，特别是关于肌腱机械性能和短期对 CP 摄入的适应，如在恢复结果中观察到的，而无需运动。总的来说，CP 补充剂作为一种有益的辅助手段，与身体训练结合使用，似乎有望提高成年人的肌肉骨骼表现。开放科学框架（注册 DOI：https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/WCF4Y ）。
