Foulke John G, Chen Luping, Chang Hyeyoun, McManus Catherine E, Tian Fang, Gu Zhizhan
American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Jul 9;16(14):2497. doi: 10.3390/cancers16142497.
CAR-T cell-based therapies have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in treating malignant cancers, especially liquid tumors, and are increasingly being evaluated in clinical trials for solid tumors. With the FDA's initiative to advance alternative methods for drug discovery and development, full human ex vivo assays are increasingly essential for precision CAR-T development. However, prevailing ex vivo CAR-T cell-mediated cytotoxicity assays are limited by their use of radioactive materials, lack of real-time measurement, low throughput, and inability to automate, among others. To address these limitations, we optimized the assay using multimodality imaging methods, including bioluminescence, impedance tracking, phase contrast, and fluorescence, to track CAR-T cells co-cultured with CD19, CD20, and HER2 luciferase reporter cancer cells in real-time. Additionally, we varied the ratio of CAR-T cells to cancer cells to determine optimal cytotoxicity readouts. Our findings demonstrated that the CAR-T cell group effectively attacked cancer cells, and the optimized assay provided superior temporal and spatial precision measurements of ex vivo CAR-T killing of cancer cells, confirming the reliability, consistency, and high throughput of the optimized assay.
基于嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)的疗法在治疗恶性肿瘤,尤其是血液肿瘤方面已显示出显著疗效,并且在实体瘤的临床试验中也越来越多地得到评估。随着美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)推进药物发现和开发替代方法的倡议,完整的人源体外试验对于精准的CAR-T开发变得越来越重要。然而,现有的体外CAR-T细胞介导的细胞毒性试验存在诸多局限性,包括使用放射性材料、缺乏实时测量、通量低以及无法自动化等。为了解决这些局限性,我们使用多模态成像方法对试验进行了优化,包括生物发光、阻抗跟踪、相差和荧光,以实时跟踪与表达荧光素酶报告基因的CD19、CD20和HER2癌细胞共培养的CAR-T细胞。此外,我们改变了CAR-T细胞与癌细胞的比例,以确定最佳的细胞毒性读数。我们的研究结果表明,CAR-T细胞组有效地攻击了癌细胞,并且优化后的试验在体外CAR-T细胞杀伤癌细胞方面提供了卓越的时空精准测量,证实了优化后试验的可靠性、一致性和高通量。
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