Zhou Yuhan, Zeng Feier, Richards Gareth Owain, Wang Ning
Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7LX, UK.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Jul 10;16(14):2503. doi: 10.3390/cancers16142503.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of male cancer deaths in the UK and the fifth worldwide. The presence of distant PCa metastasis can reduce the 5-year survival rate from 100% to approximately 30%. Enolase 2 (ENO2), a crucial glycolytic enzyme in cancer metabolism, is associated with the metastasis of multiple cancers and is also used as a marker for neuroendocrine tumours. However, its role in PCa metastasis remains unclear. In this study, we systematically reviewed the current literature to determine the association between ENO2 and metastatic PCa. Medline, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched for eligible studies. The search yielded five studies assessing ENO2 expression in PCa patients or cell lines. The three human studies suggested that ENO2 expression is correlated with late-stage, aggressive PCa, including castrate-resistant PCa (CRPC), metastatic CRPC, and neuroendocrine PCa (NEPC). This was further supported by two in vitro studies indicating that ENO2 expression can be regulated by the tumour microenvironment, such as androgen deprived conditions and the presence of bone-forming osteoblasts. Therefore, ENO2 may functionally contribute to PCa metastasis, possibly due to the unique metabolic features of PCa, which are glycolysis dependent only at the advanced metastatic stage.
前列腺癌（PCa）是英国男性癌症死亡的第二大原因，在全球范围内位列第五。远处前列腺癌转移的存在可使5年生存率从100%降至约30%。烯醇化酶2（ENO2）是癌症代谢中一种关键的糖酵解酶，与多种癌症的转移相关，也被用作神经内分泌肿瘤的标志物。然而，其在前列腺癌转移中的作用仍不明确。在本研究中，我们系统回顾了当前文献，以确定ENO2与转移性前列腺癌之间的关联。我们在Medline、科学网和PubMed中检索了符合条件的研究。检索结果为五项评估前列腺癌患者或细胞系中ENO2表达的研究。三项人体研究表明，ENO2表达与晚期侵袭性前列腺癌相关，包括去势抵抗性前列腺癌（CRPC）、转移性CRPC和神经内分泌前列腺癌（NEPC）。两项体外研究进一步支持了这一点，表明ENO2表达可受肿瘤微环境调节，如雄激素剥夺条件和成骨成骨细胞的存在。因此，ENO2可能在功能上促进前列腺癌转移，这可能归因于前列腺癌独特的代谢特征，即仅在晚期转移阶段依赖糖酵解。
