O'Hea Erin L, Edwards-Hampton Shenelle A, Beall Brown Dana L, Sonneville Kendrin R, Ziedonis Douglas M, Gearhardt Ashley N
Department of Psychology, Stonehill College, North Easton, MA 02357, USA.
Department of General Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Jul 1;14(7):557. doi: 10.3390/bs14070557.
While the construct of food addiction has been controversial, there is growing evidence that certain foods can activate biobehavioral and neurological mechanisms consistent with addiction to other substances. Despite increased evidence and acceptance of certain foods as addictive substances amongst the scientific community, there is a paucity of interventions available that are uniquely suited for the treatment of this condition. Further, many of the addiction and disordered eating treatment models currently utilized for food addiction are seemingly at odds, with the former often recommending complete abstinence from trigger foods and the latter promoting intake of all foods in moderation. The Food Addiction Clinical Treatment (FACT) manual was created as an alternative using an empirically supported harm-reduction model specifically targeted to treat the addiction and disordered eating features of food addiction. The purpose of the current article is to expose readers to the key tenets of the FACT manual, demonstrate the feasibility of this intervention with a sample of participants with severe food addiction, and discuss future directions for the treatment of food addiction. Positive outcomes from this intervention provide preliminary evidence for the efficacy of FACT for the treatment of food addiction with minimal negative adverse effects. Future research using randomized control trials and longer follow-up is needed to validate the FACT manual as an empirically supported treatment for food addiction.
尽管食物成瘾这一概念一直存在争议，但越来越多的证据表明，某些食物能够激活与对其他物质成瘾相一致的生物行为和神经机制。尽管科学界对某些食物作为成瘾物质的证据越来越多且认可度不断提高，但目前缺乏专门适用于治疗这种情况的干预措施。此外，当前用于食物成瘾的许多成瘾和饮食失调治疗模式似乎相互矛盾，前者通常建议完全戒除引发成瘾的食物，而后者则提倡适度摄入所有食物。《食物成瘾临床治疗（FACT）手册》就是作为一种替代方案而编写的，它采用了一种基于实证的减少伤害模型，专门针对治疗食物成瘾的成瘾和饮食失调特征。本文的目的是让读者了解FACT手册的关键原则，通过一组严重食物成瘾参与者的样本展示这种干预措施的可行性，并讨论食物成瘾治疗的未来方向。这项干预措施的积极结果为FACT治疗食物成瘾的有效性提供了初步证据，且负面影响最小。未来需要通过随机对照试验和更长时间的随访研究来验证FACT手册作为一种经实证支持的食物成瘾治疗方法的有效性。
