Identification of Wheat Glutamate Synthetase Gene Family and Expression Analysis under Nitrogen Stress.

Nitrogen (N), as the main component of biological macromolecules, maintains the basic process of plant growth and development. GOGAT, as a key enzyme in the N assimilation process, catalyzes α-ketoglutaric acid and glutamine to form glutamate. In this study, six genes in wheat ( L.) were identified and classified into two subfamilies, () and (), according to the type of electron donor. Subcellular localization prediction showed that TaGOGAT3-D was localized in mitochondria and that the other five TaGOGATs were localized in chloroplasts. Via the analysis of promoter elements, many binding sites related to growth and development, hormone regulation and plant stress resistance regulations were found on the promoters. The tissue-specificity expression analysis showed that were mainly expressed in wheat leaves and flag leaves, while were highly expressed in roots and leaves. The expression level of and the enzyme activity of TaGOGAT3s in the leaves and roots of wheat seedlings were influenced by the treatment of N deficiency. This study conducted a systematic analysis of wheat genes, providing a theoretical basis not only for the functional analysis of , but also for the study of wheat nitrogen use efficiency (NUE).