Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Jul 18;15(7):941. doi: 10.3390/genes15070941.
The CCT (CO, COL and TOC1) gene family has been elucidated to be involved in the functional differentiation of the products in various plant species, but their specific mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present investigation, we conducted a genome-wide identification and phylogenetic analysis of CCT genes from microalgae to legumes. A total of 700 non-redundant members of the CCT gene family from 30 species were identified through a homology search. Phylogenetic clustering with and domain conservation analysis categorized the CCT genes into three families. Multiple sequence alignment showed that the CCT domain contains important amino acid residues, and each CCT protein contains 24 conserved motifs, as demonstrated by the motif analysis. Whole-genome/segment duplication, as well as tandem duplication, are considered to be the driving forces in the evolutionary trajectory of plant species. This comprehensive investigation into the proliferation of the CCT gene family unveils the evolutionary dynamics whereby WGD/segment duplication is the predominant mechanism contributing to the expansion of the CCT genes. Meanwhile, the examination of the gene expression patterns revealed that the expression patterns of CCT genes vary in different tissues and at different developmental stages of plants, with high expression in leaves, which is consistent with the molecular regulation of flowering in photosynthesis by CCT. Based on the protein-protein interaction analysis of CCT genes in model plants, we propose that the CCT gene family synergistically regulates plant development and flowering with light-signaling factors (PHYs and PIFs) and MYB family transcription factors. Understanding the CCT gene family's molecular evolution enables targeted gene manipulation for enhanced plant traits, including optimized flowering and stress resistance.
CCT（CO、COL 和 TOC1）基因家族已被阐明参与了不同植物物种中产物的功能分化，但它们的具体机制仍知之甚少。在本研究中，我们对微藻到豆科植物的 CCT 基因进行了全基因组鉴定和系统发育分析。通过同源性搜索，从 30 个物种中鉴定出了 700 个非冗余的 CCT 基因家族成员。与 和结构域保守性分析的系统发育聚类将 CCT 基因分为三个家族。多重序列比对表明，CCT 结构域包含重要的氨基酸残基，并且每个 CCT 蛋白含有 24 个保守基序，这一点通过基序分析得到了证明。全基因组/片段重复以及串联重复被认为是推动植物物种进化轨迹的驱动力。对 CCT 基因家族的增殖进行全面研究揭示了进化动态，其中 WGD/片段重复是导致 CCT 基因扩张的主要机制。同时，对 CCT 基因表达模式的研究表明，CCT 基因在不同组织和植物不同发育阶段的表达模式不同，在叶片中表达水平较高，这与 CCT 对光合作用开花的分子调控一致。基于模式植物中 CCT 基因的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用分析，我们提出 CCT 基因家族与光信号因子（PHYs 和 PIFs）和 MYB 家族转录因子协同调节植物发育和开花。了解 CCT 基因家族的分子进化可以实现对目标基因的操纵，以增强植物的特性，包括优化开花和抗逆性。
