Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
The Queen's University of Belfast Joint College, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jul 16;25(14):7771. doi: 10.3390/ijms25147771.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a threat to human health worldwide. (Mtb) and other nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can form biofilms, and in vitro and animal experiments have shown that biofilms cause serious drug resistance and mycobacterial persistence. Deeper investigations into the mechanisms of mycobacterial biofilm formation and, consequently, the exploration of appropriate antibiofilm treatments to improve the efficiency of current anti-TB drugs will be useful for curing TB. In this review, the genes and molecules that have been recently reported to be involved in mycobacterial biofilm development, such as ABC transporter, Pks1, PpiB, GroEL1, MprB, (p)ppGpp, poly(P), and c-di-GMP, are summarized. Biofilm-induced clinical problems, including biofilm-related infections and enhanced virulence, as well as their possible mechanisms, are also discussed in detail. Moreover, we also illustrate newly synthesized anti-TB agents that target mycobacterial biofilm, as well as some assistant methods with high efficiency in reducing biofilms in hosts, such as the use of nanoparticles.
结核病（TB）仍然是全球人类健康的威胁。（Mtb）和其他非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）可以形成生物膜，体外和动物实验表明生物膜导致严重的耐药性和分枝杆菌持续存在。深入研究分枝杆菌生物膜形成的机制，以及探索合适的抗生物膜治疗方法来提高现有抗结核药物的效率，将有助于治愈结核病。在这篇综述中，总结了最近报道的参与分枝杆菌生物膜形成的基因和分子，如 ABC 转运蛋白、Pks1、PpiB、GroEL1、MprB、（p）ppGpp、多（P）和 c-di-GMP。详细讨论了生物膜引起的临床问题，包括与生物膜相关的感染和增强的毒力，以及它们可能的机制。此外，我们还说明了针对分枝杆菌生物膜的新合成抗结核药物，以及一些在宿主中高效减少生物膜的辅助方法，如使用纳米颗粒。
