School of Public Health, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
Ozmen Institute for Global Studies, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Jul 13;21(7):917. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21070917.
The aim of this study was to document how Mexico adopted a WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC)-based national tobacco control law.
We analyzed publicly available documents and interviewed 14 key stakeholders. We applied the Multiple Streams Framework (MSF) to analyze these findings.
Previous attempts to approve comprehensive FCTC-based initiatives failed due to a lack of political will, the tobacco industry's close connections to policymakers, and a lack of health advocacy coordination. Applying the MSF reveals increased attention towards collecting and sharing data to frame the severity of the problem (problem stream). The expansion of a coordinated health advocacy coalition and activities led to increased support for desired FCTC policy solutions (policy stream). The election of President López Obrador and legislative changes led to a deep renewed focus on tobacco control (politics stream). These three streams converged to create a policy window to secure a strong FCTC-based initiative on the political agenda that was ultimately passed.
The Mexican experience illustrates the importance of continued health advocacy and political will in adopting FCTC-based policies. Other countries should follow Mexico's lead by collecting and sharing data through coordinating efforts in order to be prepared to seize political opportunity windows when strong political will is present.
本研究旨在记录墨西哥如何通过世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》（FCTC）制定国家烟草控制法。
我们分析了公开可用的文件并采访了 14 名关键利益相关者。我们应用多源流框架（MSF）来分析这些发现。
由于缺乏政治意愿、烟草业与政策制定者的密切联系以及缺乏健康倡导协调，之前批准全面 FCTC 倡议的尝试都以失败告终。应用 MSF 揭示了对收集和共享数据以说明问题严重程度的关注度增加（问题流）。协调一致的健康倡导联盟的扩大以及相关活动导致对所需 FCTC 政策解决方案的支持增加（政策流）。洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔总统的当选和立法改革导致对烟草控制的深入重新关注（政治流）。这三个源流汇聚在一起，为将强有力的 FCTC 倡议纳入政治议程创造了政策窗口，最终该倡议获得通过。
墨西哥的经验表明，在采用 FCTC 政策时，持续的健康倡导和政治意愿至关重要。其他国家应效仿墨西哥的做法，通过协调努力收集和共享数据，以便在有强烈政治意愿时准备抓住政治机会窗口。
